Pyronaridine

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Pyronaridine
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Clinical data
Other namesPyronaridine tetraphosphate
Routes of
administration		Oral, intramuscular injection, intravenous therapy
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  • none
Legal status
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Identifiers
  • 4-[(7-Chloro-2-methoxy-pyrido[3,2-b]quinolin-10-yl)amino]-2,6-bis(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)phenol
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Chemical and physical data
FormulaC29H32ClN5O2
Molar mass518.06 g·mol−1
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  • Clc1ccc6c(c1)nc2ccc(OC)nc2c6Nc5cc(CN3CCCC3)c(O)c(CN4CCCC4)c5
  • InChI=1S/C29H32ClN5O2/c1-37-26-9-8-24-28(33-26)27(23-7-6-21(30)16-25(23)32-24)31-22-14-19(17-34-10-2-3-11-34)29(36)20(15-22)18-35-12-4-5-13-35/h6-9,14-16,36H,2-5,10-13,17-18H2,1H3,(H,31,32) checkY
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Pyronaridine is an antimalarial drug.[1] It was first made in 1970 and has been in clinical use in China since the 1980s.[2]

In a small (n=88) malaria study in Cameroon, pyronaridine had a 100% cure rate, compared with 60% for chloroquine.[3]

It is one of the components of the artemisinin combination therapy pyronaridine/artesunate (Pyramax).[4]

It has also been studied as a potential anticancer drug,[5] and treatment for Ebola. The combination of pyronaridine and artesunate has been evaluated to have a synergistic effect of stronger antiviral effect and less toxicity.[6] The combination of pyronaridine and artesunate is being studied as a possible treatment for moderate to severe SARS-COV-2.[7]

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Croft SL, Duparc S, Arbe-Barnes SJ, Craft JC, Shin CS, Fleckenstein L, et al. (August 2012). "Review of pyronaridine anti-malarial properties and product characteristics". Malaria Journal. 11: 270. doi:10.1186/1475-2875-11-270. PMC 3483207. PMID 22877082.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Chang C, Lin-Hua T, Jantanavivat C (1992). "Studies on a new antimalarial compound: pyronaridine". Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 86 (1): 7–10. doi:10.1016/0035-9203(92)90414-8. PMID 1566313.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ringwald P, Bickii J, Basco LK (April 1998). "Efficacy of oral pyronaridine for the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in African children". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 26 (4): 946–953. doi:10.1086/513942. PMID 9564481.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Pyramax" (PDF). European Medicines Agency. 2016.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Villanueva PJ, Martinez A, Baca ST, DeJesus RE, Larragoity M, Contreras L, et al. (2018). "Pyronaridine exerts potent cytotoxicity on human breast and hematological cancer cells through induction of apoptosis". PLOS ONE. 13 (11) e0206467. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1306467V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0206467. PMC 6218039. PMID 30395606.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lane TR, Massey C, Comer JE, Anantpadma M, Freundlich JS, Davey RA, et al. (November 2019). "Repurposing the antimalarial pyronaridine tetraphosphate to protect against Ebola virus infection". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 13 (11) e0007890. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007890. PMC 6894882. PMID 31751347.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Krishna S, Augustin Y, Wang J, Xu C, Staines HM, Platteeuw H, et al. (January 2021). "Repurposing Antimalarials to Tackle the COVID-19 Pandemic". Trends in Parasitology. 37 (1): 8–11. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2020.10.003. PMC 7572038. PMID 33153922.

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