Qus
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Qus قوص | |
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| Country |  Egypt |
| Governorate | Qena Governorate |
| Area | |
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| Population (2021)[1] | Template:Fix comma category |
| Population (2021)[1] | |
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| Template:Pluralize from text | Template:Pluralize from text |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EST) |
| • Summer (DST) | +3 |
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Qus (Template:Langx, older name Template:Langx, from Template:Langx)[2][3][4] is a city in the modern Qena Governorate, Egypt, located on the east bank of the Nile.
History
Naming
| <hiero>W11-S29-Aa17-G1-O49</hiero> or <hiero>V33-S29-Aa17-G1-O49</hiero> |
| gsꜣ or qsꜣ[4] in hieroglyphs |
|---|
| Template:Hiero/era | Era: Template:Hiero/era |
Its modern name is one of many borrowings in Egyptian Arabic from Coptic, the last living phase of Ancient Egyptian. In Graeco-Roman times, it was called Apollonopolis Parva or Apollinopolis Mikra (Greek: Script error: No such module "Lang".;[5] Script error: No such module "Lang".),[6] or Apollonos minoris.[7]
During the Roman Empire it was renamed Diocletianopolis; and it corresponds, probably, to the Maximianopolis of the later Empire.
Overview
In the late Old Kingdom and First Intermediate Period, important people of Qus were buried at Naqada at the other side of the Nile. Here were found several stelae belonging to local governors of Qus, including those of Hetepi (priest). Gesa was an important city in the early part of Egyptian history. Because at that time it served as the point of departure for expeditions to the Red Sea. The city gradually lost its importance, only to regain it in the 13th century with the opening of an alternate commercial route to the Red Sea. Since then, Qus replaced Qift as the primary commercial center for trading with Africa, India, and Arabia. It thus became the second most important Islamic city in medieval Egypt, after Cairo.
The census of 2017 recorded a population in Qus of 464,288, which was estimated to have increased to 512,827 in 2021.[1]
Main sights
Temple of Haroeris and Heqet
The temple of Haroeris (Horus) and Heqet was built during the Ptolemaic Period. Nowadays, only two ruined pylons of the temple remain.[8] It is located at Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found..
The pylon shows scenes of Ptolemy X Alexander I harpooning hippopotami, presenting offerings to Horus, and offering crowns to both Horus and Heqet. The texts also include the cartouches of Ptolemy IX Soter II(called Lathyros) and his mother Cleopatra III. Near this site a green basalt naos was discovered. It was dedicated to Horus by Ptolemy II Philadelphus. The naos is presumed to have come from the temple as well.[9][Note 1]
Economy
See also
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Notes
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- ^ The numbering of the Ptolemaic rulers can differ in several sources. The numbering used by Porter and Moss seems to be off by 1 compared to Wikipedia. The internal links are based on the second name used. For instance Ptolemy Alexander I is numbered Ptolemy X on Wikipedia, while he is numbered Ptolemy XI in Porter and Moss.
References
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- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Qūṣ (Markaz, Egypt) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Černý, Jaroslav (1976). Coptic Etymological Dictionary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 345.[ISBN missing]
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."أسماء بعض البلاد المصرية بالقبطية - كتاب لغتنا القبطية المصرية" [Names of some Egyptian countries in Coptic - Our Egyptian Coptic Language Book]. st-takla.org (in العربية). Retrieved 2022-10-11.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gauthier, Henri (1928). Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 5 [Dictionary of Geographical Names Contained in Hieroglyphic Texts Vol. 5] (in français). Vol. 5. p. 178.
- ^ Steph. B. s. v.
- ^ Hierocl. p. 731
- ^ It. Anton. p. 158
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wilkinson, Richard H. (2000). The Complete Temples of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. p. 152. ISBN 0-500-05100-3.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Porter, Bertha; Moss, Rosalind (2004). Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs and Paintings, V Upper Egypt: Sites. Vol. 5. Griffith Institute.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."موسم الخير.. مصنع سكر قوص يواصل استقبال توريدات المزارعين من محصول القصب.. مزارعون: المصنع يقدم تسهيلات لنا ومدير البيئة والسلامة.. يعمل بالغاز الطبيعى حفاظا على البيئة.. وينتج 750 ألف طن سنويا.. صور". اليوم السابع (in العربية). 2025-02-24. Retrieved 2025-09-19.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."محافظ قنا يطلق إشارة بدء موسم عصير القصب بمصنع سكر قوص | المصري اليوم". www.almasryalyoum.com (in العربية). Retrieved 2025-09-19.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."جولة لوزير التموين في مصنع سكر قوص بمحافظة قنا| فيديو". بوابة الأهرام (in العربية). Retrieved 2025-09-19.
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External links
Page Template:Sister-inline/styles.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Sister project logo". Media related to Script error: No such module "Commons link". at Wikimedia CommonsTemplate:Cities of Egypt
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