Roanne

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Roanne (Script error: No such module "IPA".; Template:Langx; Template:Langx) is a commune in the Loire department, central France.

It is located 90 km (56 mi) northwest of Lyon on the river Loire. It has an important Museum, the Musée des Beaux-arts et d'Archéologie Joseph-Déchelette (French), with many Egyptian artifacts.

Economy

Roanne is known for gastronomy (largely because of the famous Troisgros family), textiles, agriculture and manufacturing tanks.

Roanne station has rail connections to Clermont-Ferrand, Saint-Étienne, Moulins and Lyon.

The Roanne region produces, particularly, fresh red wines designated as of the Côte Roannaise.[2]

History

File:Office de Tourisme du Roannais.jpg
Tourism office.
File:Hôtel ville Roanne 2.jpg
The Hôtel de Ville

The toponymy is Gaulish, Rod-Onna ("flowing water") which became Rodumna, then Rouhanne and Roanne. The town was sited at a strategic point, the head of navigation on the Loire, below its narrow gorges. As a trans-shipping point, its importance declined with the collapse of long-distance trade after the fourth century. In the twelfth century, the site passed to the comte du Forez, under whose care it began to recover. An overland route led to Lyon and the Rhône, thus Roanne developed as a transshipping point between Paris and the Mediterranean in early modern France, when waterways were at least as important as roads.

The renewed navigation on the Loire encouraged the export of local products: wines, including casks of Beaujolais that had been shipped overland, ceramics, textiles, and after 1785, coal from Saint-Étienne, which had formerly been onloaded upstream at Saint-Rambert, since river improvements at the beginning of the century. Sturdy goods were rafted downriver on sapinières that were dismantled after use. Half the population of seventeenth and eighteenth-century Roanne depended in some way on this transportation economy: merchants and factors, carriers, carpenters and coopers, master-boatmen and their journeymen and oarsmen, and waterfront laborers (Braudel p360f).

Roanne was one of the first towns served by railroad, with the opening, 15 March 1833, of the terminal on the right bank at the port of Varennes of the third line, from Andrézieux. Following came the opening of the canal from Roanne to Digoin (1838), which placed the city in the forefront of the French Industrial Revolution.

The Hôtel de Ville was completed in 1874.[3]

In 1917 the arsenal was established at Roanne, and from 1940 a new industry developed, producing rayon and other new fibers. In the post-industrial phase that set in during the 1970s, Roanne struggled to find new industry and attract tourism.

The 18th-century actor, playwright and revolutionary Antoine Dorfeuille (1754–1795) was murdered in Roanne.

Population

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Sports

The city is home to Chorale Roanne Basket, two-time champion of France's top basketball league LNB Pro A. The team plays its home games at the Halle André Vacheresse.

Transport

The nearest airports are Lyon–Saint-Exupéry Airport, located 122 km (76 mi) south east and Geneva Airport, located 251 km (156 mi) to the east of Roanne.

Personalities

Roanne was the birthplace of:

Twin towns – sister cities

Roanne is twinned with:[6]

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Climate

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References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in français). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 6 June 2023.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Côte Roannaise and its vineyards". Roannais Tourisme. Retrieved 30 January 2025.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."L'hôtel de ville de Roanne a 150 ans". Le Pays. 28 November 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  4. ^ Template:Cassini-Ehess
  5. ^ Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023, INSEE
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Villes jumelées". aggloroanne.fr (in français). Roanne. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2019.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Normales et records pour Saint-Léger-sur-Roanne (42)". Meteociel. Retrieved 14 December 2024.

Sources

  • Braudel, Fernand, 1982. The Wheels of Commerce, vol. II of Civilization and Capitalism p. 360.

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