Rupert Smith

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General

Sir Rupert Smith

KCB DSO & Bar OBE QGM
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Chelmsford, Essex, England
DiedScript error: No such module "person date".
AllegianceUnited Kingdom
Branch
British Army
Service years
1962–2002
Rank
General
477836
CommandsDeputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe (1998–2001)
HQ Northern Ireland (1996–1998)
UN forces in Bosnia (1995)
1st Armoured Division (1990–1992)
Conflicts
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AwardsKnight Commander of the Order of the Bath
Distinguished Service Order & Bar
Officer of the Order of the British Empire
Queen's Gallantry Medal
Legionnaire of the Legion of Merit (United States)
Order of King Abdulaziz, 3rd Class (Saudi Arabia)
Other workAuthor

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General Sir Rupert Anthony Smith, KCB, DSO & Bar, OBE, QGM (born 13 December 1943) is a retired British Army officer and author of The Utility of Force. He was a senior commander during the Gulf War, for which he was recognised with the award of the Distinguished Service Order (DSO), and again during the Bosnian War, for which he was recognised with the award of a bar to his DSO. He later became Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe.

Early life and education

Smith was born in Chelmsford, Essex, England on 13 December 1943, the son of Irving Smith and Joan Debenham.[1] His father was a New Zealand fighter ace in the Battle of Britain who later led No. 487 Squadron RNZAF before rising to group captain in the service of the Royal Air Force.[2]

Smith was educated at the Haileybury and Imperial Service College and later at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.[1]

Military career

Smith was admitted to the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1962 and after graduating from a two-year course was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Parachute Regiment in December 1964.[3] He went on to serve in East and South Africa, Arabia, the Caribbean, Northern Ireland, Europe, and Malaysia. He was promoted lieutenant in June 1966,[4] captain in December 1970,[5] and major in December 1975.[6] In 1978, when a major, he was awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal for services in Northern Ireland.[7]

In June 1980 Smith was promoted to lieutenant colonel.[8] He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 1982 New Year Honours,[9] and in June 1985 was promoted to full colonel.[10] His promotion to brigadier came in December 1986.[11]

In October 1990, Smith was promoted major general and assumed command of the 1st Armoured Division[12][13] which he led during the Gulf War. For services during the war he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO),[14] the United States Legion of Merit, and the Saudi Order of King Abdulaziz, 3rd Class.[15] The citation for the DSO, published in the London Gazette reads:Template:Quote

He became the first Assistant Chief of Defence Operations and Security at the Ministry of Defence in August 1992.[16] While there he was intimately involved in the United Kingdom's development of strategy in Bosnia-Herzegovina. In January 1995 he was granted the acting rank of lieutenant general and appointed Commander Bosnia and Herzogovina Command,[17] to command UNPROFOR in Sarajevo. His lieutenant general rank was made substantive in April 1995,[18] and he was awarded a Bar to his DSO in 1996 for his services in Bosnia and Herzegovina.[19] Knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in the 1996 New Year Honours,[20] Smith was General Officer Commanding Northern Ireland from 1996 to 1998.[21] His final assignment, initially as an acting general, was as Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe between 1998[22] and 2001, covering NATO's Operation Allied Force during the Kosovo war, and the development of the European Security and Defence Identity. His general's rank was made substantive on 1 January 1999.[23] His retirement from the army took effect in January 2002.[24]

He was appointed Honorary Colonel of Exeter University Officer Training Corps in June 2003[25] having held periods of tenure as Colonel Commandant Corps of Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (November 1992[26] to November 1997[27]) and Colonel Commandant the Parachute Regiment (July 1993[28] to September 1998[29]). He also held the appointment of Aide-de-Camp General to Queen Elizabeth II between August 2000[30] and November 2001.[31]

Works

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External videos
video icon After Words interview with Smith on The Utility of Force, May 10, 2008, C-SPAN

A treatise on modern warfare, it explains why the best military forces in the world win their battles but lose the wars. This is due to the paradigm change in military activity, from industrial warfare to the paradigm identified in the book as "war amongst the people"—a situation in which an outcome cannot be resolved directly by military force.[33] The strategies for war amongst the people should be analysed as fighting and winning a linked series of confrontations rather than a series of battles.[34]

References

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  1. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mosley, Charles, ed. (2003). Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knighthood (107 ed.). Burke's Peerage & Gentry. p. 3664. ISBN 0-9711966-2-1.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Obituary: Irving Smith". The Guardian. 1 March 2000. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 43576"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 12 February 1965. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 44023"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 16 June 1966. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 45257"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 18 December 1970. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 46773"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 29 December 1975. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 47610"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 7 August 1978. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 48245"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 8 July 1980. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 48837"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 30 December 1981. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 50204"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 22 July 1985. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 50799"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 12 January 1987. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 52359"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 10 December 1990. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 52317"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 29 October 1990. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 52588"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 28 June 1991. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 53326"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 7 June 1993. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 53028"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 24 August 1992. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 53933"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 23 January 1995. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 54022"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 1 May 1995. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 54393"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 9 May 1996. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 54255"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 29 December 1995. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 54336"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 4 March 1996. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 55325"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 30 November 1998. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  23. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 55365"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 5 January 1999. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  24. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 56459"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 21 January 2002. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  25. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 56952"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 3 June 2003. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  26. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 53095"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 2 November 1992. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  27. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 54937"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 3 November 1997. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  28. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 53426"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 12 September 1993. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  29. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 55253"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 14 September 1998. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  30. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 55935"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 8 August 2000. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  31. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 56399"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 27 November 2001. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  32. ^ Author page for General Sir Rupert Smith at Penguin books
  33. ^ Gal Perl Finkel, How to win a modern war, The Jerusalem Post, 7 September 2016
  34. ^ Confrontation Analysis by Professor Nigel Howard at CCRP

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