Scaldfish
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The scaldfishes comprise a genus, Arnoglossus, of lefteye flounders. They are found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, including the Mediterranean and Black Sea. They are entirely absent from most of the Americas; the only exceptions are A. coeruleosticta and A. multirastris found off Chile. The genus include both species found in shallow and deeper water. The largest species reaches Template:Cvt.[2]
Species
The 37 currently recognized species are:[2]
- Arnoglossus andrewsi Kurth, 1954
- Arnoglossus arabicus Norman, 1939 (Arabian flounder)
- Arnoglossus armstrongi E. O. G. Scott, 1975
- Arnoglossus aspilos (Bleeker, 1851) (spotless lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus bassensis Norman, 1926 (Bass Strait flounder)
- Arnoglossus boops (Hector, 1875)
- Arnoglossus brunneus (Fowler, 1934) (brown lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus capensis Boulenger, 1898 (Cape scaldfish)
- Arnoglossus coeruleosticta (Steindachner, 1898)
- Arnoglossus dalgleishi (von Bonde, 1922) (east coast flounder)
- Arnoglossus debilis (C. H. Gilbert, 1905) (weak lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus elongatus M. C. W. Weber, 1913 (long lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus fisoni J. D. Ogilby, 1898 (Fison's lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus grohmanni (Bonaparte, 1837)
- Arnoglossus imperialis (Rafinesque, 1810) (imperial scaldfish)
- Arnoglossus japonicus C. L. Hubbs, 1915 (Japanese lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus kessleri P. J. Schmidt, 1915 (scaldback)
- Arnoglossus kotthausi Klausewitz & Schneider, 1986
- Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum, 1792) (Mediterranean scaldfish)
- Arnoglossus macrolophus Alcock, 1889 (large-crested lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus marisrubri Klausewitz & M. Schneider, 1986
- Arnoglossus micrommatus Amaoka, M. Arai & M. F. Gomon, 1997
- Arnoglossus muelleri (Klunzinger, 1872) (Müller's flounder)
- Arnoglossus multirastris Parin, 1983
- Arnoglossus nigrifrons Amaoka & Mihara, 2000
- Arnoglossus nigrofilamentosus Fricke, Golani & Appelbaum-Golani, 2017 (Filamentous flounder)
- Arnoglossus oxyrhynchus Amaoka, 1969 (sharp-snout lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus polyspilus (Günther, 1880) (many-spotted lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus rueppelii (Cocco, 1844) (Rüppell's scaldback)
- Arnoglossus sayaensis Amaoka & Imamura, 1990
- Arnoglossus scapha (J. R. Forster, 1801)
- Arnoglossus septemventralis Amaoka & Mihara, 2000
- Arnoglossus tapeinosoma (Bleeker, 1865) (drab flounder)
- Arnoglossus tenuis Günther, 1880 (dwarf lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus thori Kyle, 1913 (Thor's scaldfish)
- Arnoglossus waitei Norman, 1926 (Waite's lefteye flounder)
- Arnoglossus yamanakai Fukui, Yamada & Ozawa, 1988
The following fossil species are also known:
- †Arnoglossus bassanianus (Kramberger, 1883) (Middle Miocene of Croatia and Kazakhstan)[3]
- †Arnoglossus dispar Schwarzhans et al., 2024 (middle Miocene of Ukraine) [otolith][4]
- †Arnoglossus distinctus Svichenskaya, 1981 (early Miocene of North Caucasus, Russia)[3][5]
- †Arnoglossus holleri Weinfurter, 1952 (early to middle Miocene of Europe) [otolith][6]
- †Arnoglossus ovalis Svichenskaya, 1981 (early Miocene of North Caucasus, Russia)[3][5]
- †Arnoglossus sauvagei (Capellini, 1878) (=†Citharichthys oranensis Arambourg, 1927) (Late Miocene of Italy and Algeria)[3][7][8]
- †Arnoglossus sumgaiticus Svichenskaya, 1981 (early Miocene of North Caucasus, Russia)[3][5]
References
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- ^ a b c d e Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Schwarzhans, Werner; Carnevale, Giorgio; Japundžić, Sanja; Bradić-Milinović, Katarina (2017). "Otoliths in situ from Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) fishes of the Paratethys. Part V: Bothidae and Soleidae". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 136 (1): 109–127. Bibcode:2017SwJP..136..109S. doi:10.1007/s13358-017-0128-7. ISSN 1664-2384.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Schwarzhans, Werner; Klots, Oleksandr; Kovalchuk, Oleksandr; Dubikovska, Anastasiia; Ryabokon, Tamara; Kovalenko, Volodymyr (2024-09-08). "Life on a Miocene barrier reef – fish communities and environments in the Medobory backreef". Palaeontologia Electronica. 27 (3): 1–44. doi:10.26879/1429. ISSN 1094-8074.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Svichenskaya, A. A.; Svichenskaya, A. A. (1981-01-01). "New species of Pleuronectiformes from the Caucasian miocene". Paleontological Journal. 1: 127–131. ISSN 0031-0301.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Agiadi, Konstantina; Koskeridou, Efterpi; Thivaiou, Danae (2021-07-26). "At the crossroads: early Miocene marine fishes of the proto-Mediterranean Sea". Fossil Record. 24 (2): 233–246. Bibcode:2021FossR..24..233A. doi:10.5194/fr-24-233-2021. ISSN 2193-0066.
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