Sgonico
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Sgonico (Template:Langx; Template:Langx) is a Script error: No such module "Lang". (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Trieste in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 12 kilometres (7 mi) northwest of Trieste, on the border with Slovenia. As of 31 July 2025[update], it had a population of 1,956 and an area of 31.3 square kilometres (12.1 mi2).[1] According to the 1971 census, 81.6% of the population are Slovenes.
Sgonico borders these municipalities: Duino-Aurisina, Monrupino, Sežana (Slovenia), and Trieste.
Name
The name of the settlement was first attested in 1309 as Swonich (and as de Svonicho in 1348, de Vonicho in 1373, de Champanilo in 1374, de villa Svonich in 1421, Suonich and de Suonigo in 1525, and Sgonico in 1819). The name is of Slovene origin, derived from the Slovene common noun zvonik, "belfry", (in reference to the church of Saint Michael). The phonological change zvonik to zgonik is characteristic of the local Slovene dialect; cf. also dialect zgon, "bell", from zvon.[2]
Geography
Territory
The municipality occupies a central portion of the Trieste Karst, and both its flora and fauna are typically karst. Roughly rectangular in shape, it is bordered to the east by a row of low-lying hills that mark the border with Slovenia. The highest point is Mount Lanaro (544 m). The western part of the territory is flat, but dotted with numerous sinkholes, some of which are large. The only surface water bodies are a few small ponds.[3]
Climate
Based on the 30-year reference average from 1961 to 1990, the average temperature of the coldest month, January, is Template:Cvt, while that of the warmest month, July, is Template:Cvt.[4]
Precipitation exceeds Template:Cvt, distributed over an average of 100 days, with peaks in autumn and spring and relative lows in winter and summer.[5]
History
After the First World War the territory passed to Italy and, in 1923, was included in the province of Trieste, that was restored on 2019 in the form of a regional decentralization entity.[6]
Monuments and places of interest
Religious Architecture
- Parish Church of San Michele Arcangelo in Sgonico
- Church of Sant'Ulderico in Samatorza
- Church of San Massimiliano Kolbe (privately owned) in Borgo Grotta Gigante-Girandole
- Chapel of San Primo in Gabrovizza
Other places
- Grotta Gigante
- Giardino Botanico Carsiana
- Gabrovizza / Gabrovec
- Mount Lanaro Nature Reserve
- Riselce Trail
- Castelliere di Rupinpiccolo
- The Osmize
Demographic evolution
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<timeline>
Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.3) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.664, 0.664, 0.930) ImageSize = width:600 height:180 PlotArea = left:44 bottom:27 top:20 right:10 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:2500 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:500 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo TextData = pos:(300,20) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"year" pos:(285,182) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"population" BarData= bar:1920 text:1920 bar:1921 bar:1922 bar:1923 bar:1924 bar:1925 bar:1926 bar:1927 bar:1928 bar:1929 bar:1930 text:1930 bar:1931 bar:1932 bar:1933 bar:1934 bar:1935 bar:1936 bar:1937 bar:1938 bar:1939 bar:1940 text:1940 bar:1941 bar:1942 bar:1943 bar:1944 bar:1945 bar:1946 bar:1947 bar:1948 bar:1949 bar:1950 text:1950 bar:1951 bar:1952 bar:1953 bar:1954 bar:1955 bar:1956 bar:1957 bar:1958 bar:1959 bar:1960 text:1960 bar:1961 bar:1962 bar:1963 bar:1964 bar:1965 bar:1966 bar:1967 bar:1968 bar:1969 bar:1970 text:1970 bar:1971 bar:1972 bar:1973 bar:1974 bar:1975 bar:1976 bar:1977 bar:1978 bar:1979 bar:1980 text:1980 bar:1981 bar:1982 bar:1983 bar:1984 bar:1985 bar:1986 bar:1987 bar:1988 bar:1989 bar:1990 text:1990 bar:1991 bar:1992 bar:1993 bar:1994 bar:1995 bar:1996 bar:1997 bar:1998 bar:1999 bar:2000 text:2000 bar:2001 bar:2002 bar:2003 bar:2004 bar:2005 bar:2006 bar:2007 bar:2008 bar:2009 bar:2010 text:2010 bar:2011 bar:2012 bar:2013 bar:2014 bar:2015 bar:2016 bar:2017 bar:2018 bar:2019 bar:2020 text:2020 bar:2021 bar:2022 bar:2023 bar:2024 bar:2025 bar:2026 bar:2027 bar:2028 bar:2029 bar:2030 text:2030 PlotData= color:barra width:5 align:left bar:1921 from: 0 till:1522 bar:1931 from: 0 till:1387 bar:1936 from: 0 till:1392 bar:1951 from: 0 till:1316 bar:1961 from: 0 till:1318 bar:1971 from: 0 till:1394 bar:1981 from: 0 till:2085 bar:1991 from: 0 till:2207 bar:2001 from: 0 till:2185 bar:2011 from: 0 till:2077 bar:2021 from: 0 till:1999</timeline> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Languages and dialects
The municipal statute guarantees equal status to the Slovenian language and its use alongside Italian in official documents and in relations with municipal institutions. Sgonico is included in the list of municipalities in which measures for the protection of the Slovenian-speaking minority apply, pursuant to Article 4 of Law No. 38 of 23 February 2001, "Regulations for the Protection of the Slovenian Linguistic Minority in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region." In 1971, the population was overwhelmingly Slovenian-speaking:
- Linguistic Distribution (Main Groups)[7]
18.40% Italian-speaking, 81.60% Slovenian-speaking. According to a 1983 government estimate, 54% of the population in the municipality of Sgonico was Slovenian-speaking.[8]
Economy
The local economy was based on agriculture (primarily livestock farming), a fact hampered by the harsh environmental conditions of the Karst. During the 19th century, mining activity developed, with the opening of numerous marble quarries.
Two big Hi-Tech Companies have their EMEA global or national headquarters located in Sgonico: Telit and ex U-blox, both of them located near Stazione di Prosecco, the biggest and more important area of manufacturing and services companies in Sgonico. Other small realities are mainly working in the crafts and freight forwarders (transportation) area close to Stazione di Prosecco and Industrial Zone (Zona Artigianale - Sgonico/Zgonik).[9]
Tourism
- Giant Cave with its amphitheater of stalactites and stalagmites (the tallest stalagmite in the cave is 12 m and it is called Roger column), place of interest in caving and paleontological discovery in 1840.
- Botanical Garden "Carsiana": it's a split in different geo-climatic habitat that exemplifies the entire biodiversity of the flora of the Carso, which are about 600 species of cultivated plants.
- Natural Reserve of Monte Lanaro and suggestive osmize where you can buy and consume wine and typical products.[10]
Infrastructure and transport
The stretch of highway 13 just before the Sgonico exit, which connects Trieste to the A4 motorway, passes through the municipality. There is an exit near Gabrovizza. The municipality is well connected to the rest of the province by a dense network of secondary roads.
The Trieste Centrale-Villa Opicina railway line passes through the municipality, which once housed the Prosecco station, which was closed in 2012.
See also
References
- ^ All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.
- ^ Snoj, Marko. 2009. Etimološki slovar slovenskih zemljepisnih imen. Ljubljana: Modrijan and Založba ZRC, p. 480.
- ^ Businesses and the local area sgonicozgonik.it/
- ^ Sgonico (Italia) meteoatlas.it
- ^ Sgonico meteo.fvg.it
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."BOLLETTINO UFFICIALE DELLA REGIONE FVG - I SUPPLEMENTO ORDINARIO N. 36". arpebur.regione.fvg.it (in italiano). 4 December 2019.
- ^ Censimento Istat 1971 Censimento Istat 1971 Script error: No such module "webarchive". liceopetrarcats.it
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Milan Bufon (2019). Lo spazio con/diviso. Geografia economica-politica. Aracne.
- ^ Businesses and the local area sgonicozgonik.it
- ^ Sgonico turismofvg.it
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