Shaoyang
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Shaoyang
邵阳市 | |
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| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hunan |
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| Municipal seat | Daxiang District |
| Area | |
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| • Urban | Script error: No such module "ConvertIB". |
| • Metro | Script error: No such module "ConvertIB". |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | Template:Fix comma category |
| Population (2020 census)[1] | |
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| • Urban | Template:Fix comma category |
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| Template:Pluralize from text | Template:Pluralize from text |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 259.9 trillion US$ 38.6 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 31,816 US$ 4,731 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 422000 |
| Template:Pluralize from text | 0739Template:Pluralize from text |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HN-05 |
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| Administrative division code | 430500 |
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Shaoyang (Template:Zh), formerly named Baoqing (Paoking) (Template:Zh), is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Hunan province, China, bordering Guangxi to the south. It has a history of 2500 years and remains an important commercial and transportation city in Hunan. As of the 2020 Chinese census, its total population was 6,563,520 inhabitants, of whom 1,415,173 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of three urban districts and Xinshao County largely conurbated.
One of the major forest areas in Hunan, Shaoyang has a forest coverage of 42.7%. The 23,000,000-acre (93,000 km2) NanShan Pastures is one of the biggest in South Central China and provide dairy products and meat for Hunanese.
Shaoyang is home to Shaoyang University. The school is composed of the former Shaoyang Normal College and Shaoyang College.
The Shaoyang dialect of Lou Shao group of dialects of Xiang is generally spoken here.
History
During the later Spring and Autumn period, official Bai Shan (白善) of Chu used to construct a city named Baigong (白公城) in today Shaoyang. After the First emperor of Qin reunited China, Shaoyang was under jurisdiction of Changsha Commandery, one of thirty-six Commandery in the empire. Under the Eastern Han dynasty, Shaoyang was administered by Linling Commandery. During the Three Kingdoms era, northern part of Linling including today Shaoyang city was divided from it and designated new Zhaoling commandery (昭陵). Following Western Jin reunited Wu in 280 (or first year of Taikang era), emperor Wu changed the Commandery's name Zhaoling to Shaoling (邵陵) to avoid taboo of his father (Sima Zhao, 司马昭). Under the Southern Song period, Shao Prefecture was renamed and promotedshaoqing Baoqing-fu by Lizong, whom used to take charge of Shao Prefecture defender (邵州防御使) when he was prince. The term "Baoqing" was used until 17 years of Republic of China (1928), when it was renamed Shaoyang County. After communists won the Chinese Civil War, Shaoyang city was established in 1950.[3]
Climate
Shaoyang has a monsoon-influenced, four-season humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with cool, damp winters, and hot, humid summers. Winter begins relatively dry but not sunny and becomes progressively damper and cloudier; spring brings both the most frequent and heaviest rain of the year. Summer is comparatively sunny, while autumn is somewhat dry. The monthly 24-hour average temperatures ranges from 5.2 °C (41.4 °F) in January to 28.2 °C (82.8 °F) in July, while the annual mean is 17.05 °C (62.7 °F). The annual precipitation is about 1,340 mm (53 in).
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Administrative divisions
Shaoyang administers three districts, two county-level cities, six counties, and one autonomous county.
Districts:
- Shuangqing District (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Daxiang District (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Beita District (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
County-level City:
- Wugang City (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Shaodong city (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
Counties:
- Shaoyang County (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Xinshao County (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Longhui County (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Dongkou County (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Suining County (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
- Xinning County (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
Autonomous county:
- Chengbu Miao Autonomous County (Script error: No such module "Lang".)
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Demographics
According to the Sixth National Census in 2010, Shaoyang's permanent residence population of 7,071,741 ranked it 2nd out of 14 prefecture-level divisions of Hunan; the male-female ratio was 107.95 to 100. Educational attainment levels were as follows: 4.49% bachelor's or higher, 60.01% middle school (Script error: No such module "Lang".) or higher, and the illiteracy rate was 3.24%. There were 1,950,605 households in which 6,913,913 resided, forming 97.77% of the provincial population (hukou) and resulting in an average of 3.54 persons/household. Age distribution was as follows: 1,512,664 (21.39%) ≤14 years, 4,862,468 (68.76%) 15−64 years, 696,609 (9.85%) 65+ years.
| Division | Area[7] (km2) |
Permanent residents[8] (2010 Census) |
Hukou permits[9] (late 2009) |
Divisions[10] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistricts | Towns | Townships | Including ethnic townships |
Residential communities |
Villages | ||||
| SHAOYANG CITY | 20,829.63 | 7,071,741 | 7,705,957 | 21 | 97 | 99 | 21 | 335 | 5551 |
| Shuangqing District | 137.08 | 307,980 | 270,458 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 54 | 63 | |
| Daxiang District | 214.66 | 340,605 | 309,752 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 44 | 81 | |
| Beita District | 84.39 | 104,609 | 87,714 | 2 | 3 | 14 | 40 | ||
| Shaodong city | 1,776.38 | 896,625 | 1,260,966 | 3 | 16 | 9 | 33 | 977 | |
| Xinshao County | 1,762.97 | 743,073 | 764,905 | 11 | 4 | 28 | 652 | ||
| Shaoyang County | 1,996.88 | 915,600 | 999,148 | 12 | 10 | 23 | 633 | ||
| Longhui County | 2,871.16 | 1,095,392 | 1,156,917 | 15 | 11 | 2 | 41 | 964 | |
| Dongkou County | 2184.01 | 770,473 | 833,003 | 10 | 12 | 3 | 23 | 566 | |
| Suining County | 2,898.89 | 351,139 | 363,740 | 6 | 19 | 14 | 14 | 348 | |
| Xinning County | 2,751.31 | 560,742 | 607,055 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 15 | 474 | |
| Chengbu Miao Autonomous County | 2,619.76 | 250,633 | 267,921 | 6 | 5 | 21 | 271 | ||
| Wugang City | 1,532.15 | 734,870 | 784,378 | 4 | 8 | 9 | 25 | 482 | |
Government
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The current CPC Party Secretary of Shaoyang is Gong Congmi and the current mayor is Liu Shiqing.
Transportation
Railway
Shaoyang has four main railway station: Shaoyang Railway Station (Script error: No such module "Lang".) (Fast Train, K and Highspeed train, G), Old Shaoyang Railway Station (Script error: No such module "Lang".) (Old, North, Freight), Shaodong railway station (Fast Train, K and Highspeed train, G) and Shaoyang North railway station, in Xinshao County (Highspeed train, G and D). The Loudi–Shaoyang railway and Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway pass through Shaoyang.
Airport
Shaoyang Wugang Airport was opened on 28 June 2017.[11] It is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of Wugang, a county-level city under the administration of Shaoyang, and 100 kilometres (62 mi) from the urban center of Shaoyang.[11]
The airport has a 2,600-meter runway and a 3,000-square-meter terminal building. It is projected to handle 250,000 passengers and 500 tons of cargo annually by 2020.[12]
Economy
| Division | RMB | USD | Purchasing power (USD) |
Growth (%) | Percentage (%) | Per capita GDP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SHAOYANG CITY | 90,723 | 14,046 | 21,740 | 13.2 | 100 | 12,797 |
| City proper | 18,308 | 2,835 | 4,387 | 20.18 | ||
| Shuangqing District | 8,175.09 | 1,265.73 | 1,959.00 | 12.6 | 9.01 | |
| Daxiang District | 8,063.65 | 1,248.47 | 1,932.29 | 15.2 | 8.89 | |
| Beita District | 2,069.27 | 320.38 | 495.86 | 15.1 | 2.28 | 19,698 |
| Outlying | 76,358 | 11,822 | 18,298 | 84.17 | ||
| Shaodong County | 20,220.00 | 3,130.61 | 4,845.32 | 14.4 | 22.29 | 22,299 |
| Xinshao County | 7,429.81 | 1,150.34 | 1,780.41 | 13.6 | 8.19 | 9,998 |
| Shaoyang County | 8,108.55 | 1,255.43 | 1,943.05 | 12.2 | 8.94 | 7,796 |
| Longhui County | 9,332.00 | 1,444.85 | 2,236.23 | 11.6 | 10.29 | 8,499 |
| Dongkou County | 9,012.00 | 1,395.31 | 2,159.55 | 12.6 | 9.93 | 11,784 |
| Suining County | 5,018.45 | 776.99 | 1,202.57 | 12.2 | 5.53 | |
| Xinning County | 5,307.47 | 821.74 | 1,271.83 | 11.7 | 5.85 | 9,425 |
| Chengbu County | 2,320.63 | 359.30 | 556.09 | 11.5 | 2.56 | 9,238 |
| Wugang City | 7,932.57 | 1,228.18 | 1,900.88 | 13.8 | 8.74 | 10,746 |
Although it is, by 2010 Census permanent resident population, the second-largest prefecture-level division of Hunan, its GDP (4.62% of provincial output) places it ninth within the province, making it an archetypal example of a large-population, relatively backwards-economy city. The GDP per capita of 12,797 CNY is the lowest in the province, and is only 42.9% of the provincial average, 36.5% of the national average, and 78% of even Guizhou's corresponding figure.[13] Primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors respectively accounted for 23.9%, 38.2%, and 37.9% of the economy.
Noted residents
- Tsiang Tingfu, historian and diplomat
- Wei Yuan, late Qing scholar
- He Luting, composer
- Cai E, revolutionary leader
- Liao Yaoxiang, high-ranking Kuomintang general in World War II
- Li Wangyang, labour rights activist whose "suicide" was allegedly staged by the local police
- Zhou Shen, singer-songwriter
- Tang Kai, first ever male Chinese world champion in mixed martial arts history
- George H. Pearson, founder and manager of Shaoyang Hospital from 1920 to 1951[14]
- Zhang Jingyi, actress and model
- Shen Yue, actress-singer and model
- Fu Jing, actress-singer and former member of Rocket Girls 101
Twin cities
- Template:Flagdeco Saratov, Russia
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."China: Húnán (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."2022年湖南省各市州地区生产总值（三季度". Archived from the original on 2025-02-20. Retrieved 2024-03-15.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."历史渊源" [History trace of Shaoyang]. Government of Shaoyang. 2022-08-12. Retrieved 2022-08-28.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in 中文（简体）). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in 中文（简体）). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.邵阳 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in 中文). Weather China. Retrieved 21 November 2022.
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- ^ Script error: No such module "Lang".[full citation needed]
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.武冈机场通航，邵阳新添空中走廊. Sina. 29 June 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.新建湖南邵阳武冈机场获批复 投资9.57亿元 (in 中文). Carnoc. 2013-08-09. Retrieved 2013-08-16.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.2011年度各区县市统计公报. Shaoyang Statistical Bureau. Archived from the original on 2009-01-06. Retrieved 2013-07-26.). 2011 conversion from CNY to USD according to the-then exchange rate of 6.4588 CNY/1 USD, purchasing power based on an April 2012 report that used an exchange rate of 4.1731 CNY/1Geary–Khamis dollar (Intl. $).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pearson, George (12 December 2017). "Snapshots of China: Shaoyang Hospital, Hunan (1946)". Youtube. BFI National Archive. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
External links
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