Shihezi
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Shihezi
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| Country | China |
| Autonomous region | Xinjiang |
| Municipal seat | Hongshan Subdistrict |
| Government | |
| • CCP Secretary | E Hongda (Political Commissar of the 8th Division) |
| • Mayor | Ge Zhihui (Commander of the 8th Division) |
| Area | |
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| Population (2020)[1] | Template:Fix comma category |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
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| Template:Pluralize from text | Template:Pluralize from text |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard[a]) |
| Postal code | 832000 |
| Template:Pluralize from text | 0993Template:Pluralize from text |
| Website | www |
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| Shihezi |
|---|
Shihezi (Template:Zh) is a sub-prefecture-level city in Northern Xinjiang, China. It has a population of 380,130 according to the 2010 census. The city is also home to Shihezi University, the second-largest comprehensive university under the Project 211 in Xinjiang.
Shihezi is the headquarter of the 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and currently administered by the 8th Division. The city implemented the "division and city integration" (师市合一, shī shì héyī) management system, it shares the same leader group with the 8th Division.
History
In 1951, General Wang Zhen decided to build a new base for the People's Liberation Army and selected the location of current Shihezi. Zhao Xiguang (赵锡光) took charge in the development of the city, and established the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in 1954.
Quasimilitary-structured farms surrounding Shihezi fueled the development of the city by producing materials for the factories that have been the economic drivers of the city. In 1974, Shihezi became a city.
Administrative divisions
Shihezi contains 5 subdistricts, 2 towns, and a township-equivalent region:
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Administrative division code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistricts | ||||||
| Xincheng Subdistrict | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.يېڭىشەھەر كوچا باشقارمىسى | Script error: No such module "lang". | 659001001 | |
| Xiangyang Subdistrict | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.شياڭياڭ كوچا باشقارمىسى | Script error: No such module "lang". | 659001002 | |
| Hongshan Subdistrict | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.خۇڭشەن كوچا باشقارمىسى | Script error: No such module "lang". | 659001003 | |
| Laojie Subdistrict | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.كونا بازار كوچا باشقارمىسى | Script error: No such module "lang". | 659001004 | |
| Dongcheng Subdistrict | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.دۇڭچېڭ كوچا باشقارمىسى | Script error: No such module "lang". | 659001005 | |
| Towns | ||||||
| Beiquan Town (Shihezi Headquarters Farm of the 8th Division)* |
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| Shihezi Town | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.شىخەنزە بازىرى | Script error: No such module "lang". | 659001101 | |
| township-equivalent region | ||||||
| 152nd Regiment Farm** | Script error: No such module "Lang". | Script error: No such module "lang". | Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.152-تۇەن | Script error: No such module "lang". | 659001500 | |
* One institution with two names.
** Administered by the 152nd Regiment of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. See also Tuntian#People's Republic of China. | ||||||
Demographics
| Ethnicity | Population | % |
|---|---|---|
| Han | 349,149 | 91.85% |
| Hui | 15,092 | 3.97% |
| Uyghur | 7,574 | 1.99% |
| Kazakhs | 3,042 | 0.80% |
| Tujia | 1,500 | 0.39% |
| Mongol | 624 | 0.16% |
| Manchu | 620 | 0.16% |
| Kyrgyz | 319 | 0.08% |
| Dongxiang | 306 | 0.08% |
| Xibe | 157 | 0.04% |
| Russian | 138 | 0.04% |
| Others | 1,609 | 0.43% |
| Total | 380,130 | 100% |
Economy
Nowadays textile and food industries are the most important in Shihezi. The railway to Wusu and Ürümqi skirts the city, while a United Nations economic development project provided a high-quality highway system for the city. The textile industry is the primary employer, although the international trade environment on textiles has brought in fluctuations in employment. As a hub to surrounding farms, the city's destiny is currently tied with theirs. Sugar beets are cultivated near Shihezi. Cultivation of cotton in the farms was accelerated in the 1990s and now dominates the economy.[3]
Shihezi is also home to a polysilicon factory of Daqo New Energy Corp., one of the largest polysilicon producers in the world.[4]
Geography and climate
Shihezi is located at the northern foothills of the middle part of the Tian Shan range approximately 136 kilometres (85 mi) from the regional capital of Ürümqi.
Although Shihezi is almost surrounded on the east, west and north by the Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture (which also includes the city's eastern neighbor, the much older historically Hui town of Manas), it is not a part of it.
Located in an area further from the nearest seacoast than any other region on earth, Shihezi has a continental semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), with a large temperature differences between summer and winter. Monthly average temperatures range from −15.3 °C (4.5 °F) in January to 25.3 °C (77.5 °F), and the annual mean temperature is 7.39 °C (45.3 °F). Precipitation is very low year-round, with an annual total of only 206 millimeters (8.11 in), compared to the annual evaporation rate, which is usually more than 1,000 millimeters (39 in).[5]
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The Manas River forms the administrative border between Shihezi City and its eastern neighbor, Manas County. An extensive system of reservoirs (such as the Jiahezi Reservoir (夹河子水库; Jiāhézi shuǐkù, with the dam at Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.) and irrigation canals has been constructed in the area, supporting irrigated agriculture.
Education
Shihezi University is located in Shihezi. It is the second-largest university in Xinjiang, with approximately 40,000 students.
Transport
Shihezi is served by China National Highway 312, the Northern Xinjiang and the Second Ürümqi-Jinghe Railways. Reconstruction of the Shihezi Huayuan Airport began in May 2012 and it reopened on 26 December 2015.[8]
Notes
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- ^ Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.
References
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- ^ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stanley W. Toops (August 2012). Susan M. Walcott; Corey Johnson (eds.). Eurasian Corridors of Interconnection: From the South China to the Caspian Sea. Routledge. pp. 65–66. ISBN 978-1135078751.
- ^ Shihezi a 'Shining Pearl in the Gobi Desert' (China.org.cn by staff reporter Wang Qian, October 3, 2004)
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Polysilicon Manufacturers: Global Top 10 | Bernreuter Research". Bernreuter Research. 12 May 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.石河子城市介绍 (in 中文（简体）). Weather China. Retrieved 2011-11-29.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in 中文（简体）). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in 中文（简体）). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."石河子花园机场正式通航". 163.com. 26 December 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
External links
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- Shihezi economic development zone Script error: No such module "webarchive". Template:In lang
- Shihezi party politics public information network Template:In lang
- Map of the City of Shihezi Template:In lang
- Shihezi a 'Shining Pearl in the Gobi Desert'
- Shihezi (China) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia
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