Staphylococcus warneri
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| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
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| Template:Taxon infoTemplate:Taxon italics Kloos & Schleifer 1975
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Staphylococcus warneri is a species of Gram-positive bacteria with spherical cells appearing in clusters and a member of the genus Staphylococcus. It is catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, and coagulase-negative, and is a common commensal organism found as part of the skin microbiota on humans and animals. Like other coagulase-negative staphylococci, S. warneri rarely causes disease, but may occasionally cause infection in patients whose immune system is compromised.[1]
Identification
Colonies of S. warneri on trypticase soy agar are usually beige, tan, or yellow, sometimes with an orange rim and about 2–4 mm in diameter after 48 hours' incubation at 35 °C. Optimal growth temperature is 30-40 °C.[citation needed]
Clinical importance
Staphylococcus warneri has been suggested as a cause of spontaneous abortion in cattle and humans.[2] It has been associated with vertebral discitis,[3] urinary tract infection,[4] meningitis,[5] orthopedic infections/osteomyelitis,[6][7] ventricular shunt infections,[8] and infective endocarditis (more associated with prosthetic rather than native valves).[9][7] Similar to other coagulase-negative staphylococci, the presence of S. warneri in blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures can also represent contamination rather than a true infection.[7]
It has been suggested as the cause of a case of meningoencephalitis in a dog.[10]
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kloos, W. E.; Schleifer, K. H. (1975). "Isolation and Characterization of Staphylococci from Human Skin II. Descriptions of Four New Species: Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus hominis, and Staphylococcus simulans". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 25 (1): 62–79. doi:10.1099/00207713-25-1-62. ISSN 0020-7713.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Barigye, R; Schaan, L; Gibbs, PS; Schamber, E; Dyer, NW (2007). "Diagnostic evidence of Staphylococcus warneri as a possible cause of bovine abortion". J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 19 (6): 694–696. doi:10.1177/104063870701900613. PMID 17998560.
- ^ Announ N., Mattei J., Jaoua S., Fenollar F., Sati H., Chagnaud C., Roudier J., Guis S. (2004) Multifocal discitis caused by Staphylococcus warneri. Joint Bone Spine 71 (3) 240-242
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Leighton, PM; Little, JA (1986). "Identification of coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from urinary tract infections". Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 85 (1): 92–95. doi:10.1093/ajcp/85.1.92. PMID 3940428.
- ^ Incani RN, Hernández M, Cortez J, González ME, Salazar YD(2010) Staphylococcus warneri meningitis in a patient with Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection and lymphoma: first report of a case. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 52(3):169-170
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Campoccia, D; Montanaro, L; Visai, L; Corazzari, T; Poggio, C; Pegreffi, F; Maso, A; Pirini, V; Ravaioli, S; Cangini, I; Speziale, P; Arciola, CR (2010). "Characterization of 26 Staphylococcus warneri isolates from orthopedic infections". Int J Artif Organs. 33 (9): 575–581. doi:10.1177/039139881003300903. PMID 20963724.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bhardwaj, B; Bhatnagar, UB; Conaway, DG (2016). "An Unusual Presentation of Native Valve Endocarditis Caused by Staphylococcus warneri" (PDF). Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine. 17 (3/4): 140–143. doi:10.3909/ricm0823. PMID 28144022.
- ^ Martínez-Lage JF, Martínez-Lage Azorín L, Almagro MJ (2009) Staphylococcus warneri ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection: failure of diagnosis by ventricular CSF sampling. Childs. Nerv. Syst.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stöllberger, C; Wechsler-Fördös, A; Geppert, F; Gulz, W; Brownstone, E; Nicolakis, M; Finsterer, J (2006). "Staphylococcus warneri endocarditis after implantation of a lumbar disc prosthesis in an immunocompetent patient". J. Infect. 52 (1): e15–18. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2005.04.016. PMID 15904964.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Espino, L; Bérmudez, R; Fidalgo, LE; González, A; Miño, N; Quiroga, MI (2006). "Meningoencephalitis associated with Staphylococcus warneri in a dog". J Small Anim Pract. 47 (10): 598–602. doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00164.x. PMID 17004952.
External links
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