Syktyvkar

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Syktyvkar (/sɪktɪfˈkɑːr/,[1] Template:Langx, Script error: No such module "IPA".; Template:Langx, Script error: No such module "IPA".) is the capital city of the Komi Republic in Russia, as well as its largest city. It is also the administrative center of the Syktyvkar Urban Okrug. Until 1930, it was known as Ust-Sysolsk named after the Sysola River.Page Module:Historical populations/styles.css has no content.

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18974,464—    
19265,068+13.5%
193925,281+398.8%
195964,461+155.0%
1970125,088+94.1%
1979170,980+36.7%
1989232,117+35.8%
2002230,011−0.9%
2010235,006+2.2%
2021220,580−6.1%
Source: Census data

Etymology

The city's name comes from Syktyv, the Komi name for the Sysola River, and kar, meaning "city" in the Komi language.[2]

Geography

Syktyvkar is located on the Sysola River, which is the origin of its former name Ust-Sysolsk. The city is located close to where the Sysola joins the larger Vychegda River, which is itself a branch of the Northern Dvina.[citation needed]

History

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File:The Soviet Union 1961 CPA 2581 stamp (Capitals of Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics. Soviet Street, Syktyvkar, Komi).jpg
Syktyvkar street scene on a 1961 stamp

It is believed that the city was founded in 1586 as a settlement Ust-Sysola.[3]

It was granted city status by Catherine the Great in 1780, and in 1992, it became the capital of the Komi Republic.[4] It has remained the capital since then, although a large influx of ethnic Russians in the 20th century has actually left the Komi a minority there.

When Kandinsky stayed there in 1889 to record the culture and beliefs of the locals, the town had a group of administrative buildings along with more numerous log-built peasant huts.[5]

The majority of the population were merchants and peasants. The main occupations of the inhabitants were agriculture, cattle-breeding, hunting, fishing, and trade.

By the beginning of the 20th century, the population had grown to 6,000 people. The Tsarist government made the Komi region a place of political exile.

In 1921, Ust-Sysolsk was given the status of administrative center of the newly formed Komi-Zyryan Autonomous Oblast. It was renamed as Syktyvkar, which is Komi for "a town on the Sysola" in 1930, to mark the 150th anniversary of its receipt of city privileges. In 1936, Syktyvkar became the capital of the Komi ASSR.

There is a monument near the Nizhny Chov suburb to those shot outside the city in the 1930s,[6] but the remains of others executed earlier lie beneath the airfield.[7]

Administrative and municipal status

Syktyvkar is the capital of the republic.[8] Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with three urban-type settlements (Krasnozatonsky, Sedkyrkeshch, and Verkhnyaya Maksakovka) and three rural localities, incorporated as the city of republic significance of Syktyvkar—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[8] As a municipal division, the city of republic significance of Syktyvkar is incorporated as Syktyvkar Urban Okrug.[9]

Economy

The Sysola, the Vychegda, and the Northern Dvina are navigable and are a major transport route of forestry products from Syktyvkar. Lumber and woodcrafts are the city's largest industries.[citation needed]

Previously Komiinteravia had its head office in Syktyvkar.[10]

Transportation

The city is served by Syktyvkar Airport and Syktyvkar Southwest airfield. The city has a railway station as well. Syktyvkar is the end point of route R176 (Vyatka Highway).

Culture and education

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File:Сыктывкар - panoramio (3).jpg
Central street

Syktyvkar is the center of the cultural life in the republic.

The oldest museum of the Republic of Komi, the National Museum, was founded in 1911. Nowadays, the National Museum is the Literature Memorial Museum of Ivan Kuratov and the museum of Viktor Savin.

The National Gallery was founded in Syktyvkar in 1943. It welcomes exhibitions from different museums of the country. The Theater of Opera and Ballet began its history in 1958.

The National Library numbers 2.5 million volumes, including books in the Russian language, foreign languages and in the Komi language.

Syktyvkar State University was founded in 1972 and has over 3,500 full-time students and 250 faculty members.[11]

The city's folk ensemble "Asya Kya" has been representing Komi Republic on national and international festivals.[12]

One of the oldest Russian progressive rock bands The Gourishankar was founded in Syktyvkar in 2001.

Sports

Stroitel Bandy Club[13] has played many seasons in the Russian Bandy Super League, the highest division of Russian bandy. The team was promoted after the 2016–17 season.[14][15][16] Its home venue is Respublikanskiy Stadion.[17] In the 2016/17 season, the club adopted a new logotype instead of an old one which had a white bear playing bandy.[18]

There is also a youth team called KDYuSSh-1.[19]

Events

Climate

Syktyvkar experiences a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc) with long, very cold winters and short, warm summers. Compared with areas at a similar latitude in Siberia, winters are less extreme, but still much longer than summer and bitterly cold by European standards.

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Notable people

Twin towns and sister cities

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Syktyvkar is twinned with:[26]

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References

Notes

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Dictionary.com". Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. Retrieved April 15, 2018.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Сыктывкар" (in русский). Город России. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Syktyvkar - Russian cities (Russian)". City of Russia - National selection. Archived from the original on December 3, 2019. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."History in dates - old Syktyvkar (Russian)". Old Syktyvkar. Archived from the original on January 8, 2020. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Figes, Orlando (2018). Natasha's Dance: A Cultural History of Russia. Penguin Books Limited. p. 358. ISBN 978-0-14-198959-4.
  6. ^ https://en.mapofmemory.org/11-01
  7. ^ https://en.mapofmemory.org/11-02
  8. ^ a b Law #16-RZ
  9. ^ Law #11-RZ
  10. ^ "Directory: World Airlines. Flight International. 23–29 March 2004. 95 Script error: No such module "webarchive".. "Sovetskaya Street 69, Skytyvkar, Komi Zone ATD, Russia"
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."UNIVERSITY OF SYKTYVKAR". Valdosta State University. Archived from the original on June 2, 2010. Retrieved September 10, 2009.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Восемь Международных фольклорных фестивалей посетил ансамбль "Асъя кыа" за лето". Комиинформ (in русский). September 29, 2008. Archived from the original on April 20, 2021. Retrieved March 10, 2020.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."rusbandy.ru". Archived from the original on February 20, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."rusbandy.ru". Archived from the original on February 20, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."rusbandy.ru". Archived from the original on February 20, 2022. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  16. ^ http://www.rusbandy.ru/season/313/ Script error: No such module "webarchive". The 2017-18 Super League at rusbandy.ru
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The stadium at rusbandy.ru". Archived from the original on September 13, 2011. Retrieved December 11, 2011.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Image of the new and the old logo at rusbandy.ru". Archived from the original on November 25, 2015. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."rusbandy.ru". Archived from the original on November 25, 2015. Retrieved November 2, 2015.
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Championship homepage". Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved January 30, 2017.
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Google Translate". Archived from the original on April 24, 2020. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Google Translate". Archived from the original on April 24, 2020. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
  23. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Herrarnas bandy-VM i Ryssland ställs in - ryssarna stängs av från mästerskap i Sverige". March 2022.
  24. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Climate Syktyvkar". Pogoda.ru.net. Archived from the original on April 20, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
  25. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020". NOAA. Archived from the original on November 16, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
  26. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Сыктывкар и его побратимы: что известно о сотрудничестве между городами". komionline.ru (in русский). Komi Online. May 22, 2019. Archived from the original on November 6, 2019. Retrieved February 4, 2020.

Sources

  • Script error: No such module "Lang". (State Council of the Komi Republic. Law #13-RZ of March 6, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Komi Republic, as amended by the Law #171-RZ of December 26, 2014 On Abolishing the Inhabited Locality of Verkhnyaya Sedka Located on the Territory of Priluzsky District of the Komi Republic, and on Amending Various Laws of the Komi Republic Accordingly. Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Script error: No such module "Lang". (State Council of the Komi Republic. Law #11-RZ of March 5, 2005 On the Territorial Organization of the Local Self-Government in the Komi Republic, as amended by the Law #171-RZ of December 26, 2014 On Abolishing the Inhabited Locality of Verkhnyaya Sedka Located on the Territory of Priluzsky District of the Komi Republic, and on Amending Various Laws of the Komi Republic Accordingly. Effective as of April 1, 2005.).

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