Syzygium

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File:Syzygium oleosum.jpg
Syzygium paniculatum (magenta lilly pilly)
File:Wax apple.png
Syzygium samarangense, with a cross section of the fruit

Syzygium (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm/)[3] is a genus of flowering plants that belongs to the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. The genus comprises about 1200 species,[4][5][6] and has a native range that extends from Africa and Madagascar through southern Asia east through the Pacific.[7] Its highest levels of diversity occur from Malaysia to northeastern Australia, where many species are very poorly known and many more have not been described taxonomically. One indication of this diversity is in leaf size, ranging from as little as a half inch (1.3 cm) to as great as 4 ft 11 inches (1.5 meters) by 16 inches (41 centimeters) in Syzygium acre of New Caledonia.[8]

Most species are evergreen trees and shrubs. Several species are grown as ornamental plants for their attractive glossy foliage, and a few produce edible fruits called rose apples that are eaten fresh or used in jams and jellies. The most economically important species, however, is the clove Syzygium aromaticum, of which the unopened flower buds are an important spice. Some of the edible species of Syzygium are planted throughout the tropics worldwide, and several have become invasive species in some island ecosystems. Fifty-two species are found in Australia and are generally known as lillipillies, brush cherries or satinash.[9]

Taxonomy

At times Syzygium was confused taxonomically with the genus Eugenia (c. 1000 species), but the latter genus has its highest specific diversity in the neotropics. Many species formerly classed as Eugenia are now included in the genus Syzygium, although the former name may persist in horticulture.[9] The Syzygium Working Group, an international group of researchers, formed in April 2016 with the aim to produce a monograph of Syzygium.[6]

Etymology

The genus name comes from the Greek word Script error: No such module "Lang"., meaning "joining together or conjunction".[10][11]

Species

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File:Syzygium cauliflory.jpg
An Australian rainforest Syzygium exhibits cauliflory.
File:Syzygium cumini.jpg
Syzygium cumini in Kohat Pakistan

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References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Genus: Syzygium P. Browne ex Gaertn". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 30 January 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."WCSP". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
  3. ^ Script error: No such module "template wrapper". (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  4. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Syzygium Gaertn". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 20 February 2021.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jie Chen and Lyn A. Craven, "Syzygium P. Browne ex Gaertner, Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 166. 1788", Flora of China Online, vol. 13, retrieved 3 May 2015
  6. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ahmad, Berhaman; Baider, Cláudia; Bernardini, Benedetta; Biffin, Edward; Brambach, Fabian; Burslem, David; Byng, James W.; Christenhusz, Maarten J.M.; Florens, F.B. Vincent; Lucas, Eve J.; Ray, Avik; Ray, Rajasri; Smets, Erik; Snow, Neil W.; Strijk, Joeri S.; Wilson, Peter G. (2016). "Syzygium (Myrtaceae): Monographing a taxonomic giant via 22 coordinated regional revisions" (PDF). PeerJ Preprints. doi:10.7287/peerj.preprints.1930v1. Retrieved 6 April 2016.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Tuiwawa, S.H.; Craven, L.A.; Sam, C.; Crisp, M.D. (23 August 2013). "The genus Syzygium (Myrtaceae) in Vanuatu". Blumea. 58 (1): 53–67. Bibcode:2013Blume..58...53T. doi:10.3767/000651913x672271.
  8. ^ Flore de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Volume 23 pages 44-45
  9. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wrigley, John W.; Fagg, Murray A. (2003). Australian native plants: cultivation, use in landscaping and propagation (Fifth ed.). Australia: Reed New Holland. p. 696. ISBN 1876334908.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Definition of SYZYGIUM". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."ONLINE LATIN DICTIONARY - Latin - English". www.online-latin-dictionary.com. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Syzygium cryptophlebium (F.muell.) Craven & Biffen". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 22 February 2026.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Little Jr., Elbert L.; Roger G. Skolmen (1989). Common Forest Trees of Hawaii (Native and Introduced) (PDF). United States Forest Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2014.

Further reading

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