Talaud language
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| Talaud | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Talaud Islands, North Sulawesi |
Native speakers | (82,000 cited 2000 census)[1] |
Austronesian
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | tld |
| Glottolog | tala1285 |
| ELP | Template:Endangered Languages Project |
| Linguasphere | Template:Infobox language/lingualist |
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Talaud is an Austronesian language spoken on the Talaud Islands north of Sulawesi, Indonesia. There are 2 dialects, namely the Lami dialect (which is spoken on Miangas, Nanusa Islands, and Esang in the northern part of Karakelong Island) and the Tirawata dialect (which is used in Lirung, Kabaruan, and the southern part of Karakelong Island).[2]
Miangas is actually a subdialect, but more different from its main dialect, Lami.[2]
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | (c) | k | ʔ | |
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | ||||
| affricate | tʃ | ||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Fricative | β | s | ʐ | (ʃ) | ɣ | h | |
| Rhotic | trill | r | |||||
| tap | ɾ | ||||||
| Lateral | l | ||||||
| Approximant | w | ||||||
- Script error: No such module "IPA". can be heard as a palatal stop Script error: No such module "IPA"., depending on the dialect.
- The velar fricative sound Script error: No such module "IPA". may also be pronounced as voiceless Script error: No such module "IPA"..Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
- Script error: No such module "IPA". is only found in some dialects of Kaburuan Island. It corresponds to Script error: No such module "IPA". in most other dialects.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Open | a |
References
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- ^ Talaud at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kembuan, L.D.; Sampouw, T.; Inkiriwang, J.; Terok, D.; Roring, M. (1986). Struktur Dialek Miangas (PDF) (in Bahasa Indonesia) (1 ed.). Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Further reading
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- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bawole, G. (1981). Struktur Bahasa Talaud (in Bahasa Indonesia). Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departmen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan – via Laboratorium Kebinekaan Bahasa dan Sastra.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Utsumi, Atsuko (2013). "Talaud Verbs: Paradigm of Basic Verbs". Tokyo University Linguistic Papers. 33: 319–361. doi:10.15083/00027520.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Utsumi, Atsuko (2016). "A Dialectal Study of Talaud: Dialectal Classification and a Comparative Word List". Bulletin of Meisei University. Department of Japanese and Comparative Culture, School of Humanities. 24: 163(37)–135(70).
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