Tomoe Gozen
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Tomoe Gozen | |
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| Leader | Minamoto no Yoshinaka (commander) |
| Personal details | |
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| Occupation | Buddhist Nun (After the Battle of Awazu)[2] |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | The Minamoto clan (Specifically Minamoto no Yoshinaka) |
Years of service | Two (1182-1184) |
| Battles/wars | Battle of Awazu |
| Military role/occupation | Onna-musha (Before the Battle of Awazu) |
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Tomoe Gozen (Script error: No such module "Lang"., Script error: No such module "IPA".[1]) was an onna-musha, a female samurai, mentioned in The Tale of the Heike.[5] There is doubt as to whether she existed as she does not appear in any primary accounts of the Genpei War.[6][7] She supposedly served under the samurai lord Minamoto no Yoshinaka during the Battle of Awazu,[8] part of the Genpei War in the late Heian period, which led to the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate.[9][10]
Genpei War
Under the leadership of Yoshinaka she commanded 300 samurai against 2,000 warriors of the rival Taira clan during the war. After defeating the Taira in 1182 and driving them into the western provinces, Yoshinaka took Kyoto and desired to be the leader of the Minamoto clan. His cousin Yoritomo was prompted to crush Yoshinaka, and sent his brothers Yoshitsune and Noriyori to kill him.
Yoshinaka fought Yoritomo's forces at the Battle of Awazu on February 21, 1184,[11] where Tomoe is known for beheading Honda no Morishige, leader of the Musashi Clan.[12] She presented his head to her master Yoshinaka.[13] Although Yoshinaka's troops fought bravely, they were outnumbered and overwhelmed. When Yoshinaka was defeated there, with only a few of his soldiers standing, he told Tomoe Gozen to flee because he wanted to die with his foster brother.
There are varied accounts of what followed. She is also known for having killed Uchida Ieyoshi and for escaping capture by Hatakeyama Shigetada.[14] She then retired to become a Buddhist nun, remaining so supposedly until 1247 AD.[2]
Notes
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- ^ a b Note: Gozen is not a name, but rather an honorific title, usually translated to "Lady", though the title was sometimes bestowed upon men as well.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Women Warriors of Early Japan" (PDF). 2013. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."EP31 Lady Tomoe". February 14, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Trailblazers — The Age of Girls: Tomoe Gozen". August 23, 2018. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Tomoe Gozen | World History Commons". worldhistorycommons.org. Retrieved 2024-09-27.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."These 3 samurai women were heroes of shogun era Japan". History. 2024-09-27. Retrieved 2024-09-27.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Brown, Steven T. (1998). "From Woman Warrior to Peripatetic Entertainer: The Multiple Histories of Tomoe". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 58 (1): 183–199. doi:10.2307/2652649. ISSN 0073-0548. JSTOR 2652649.
Although more than a little hyperbole embellishes the extant accounts of Tomoe's military exploits, there is little disagreement over the basic outline of Tomoe's involvement in the Genpei Wars.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Toler, Pamela D. (2019-02-26). Women Warriors: An Unexpected History. Beacon Press. p. 181. ISBN 978-0-8070-6432-0.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pennington, Reina (2003). Amazons to Fighter Pilots - A Biographical Dictionary of Military Woman (Volume Two). Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. 437–438. ISBN 978-0-313-32708-7.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Turnbull, Stephen (2012-01-20). Samurai Women 1184–1877. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-1-84603-952-2.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. Cassell & Co. p. 204. ISBN 978-1854095237.
- ^ Faure, Bernard. (2003). The Power of Denial: Buddhism, Purity, and Gender, p. 211, p. 211, at Google Books; Kitagawa, p. 521.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Salmonson, Jessica Amanda (2015-04-07). Thousand Shrine Warrior. Open Road Media. ISBN 9781453293836.
- ^ Joly, Henri L. (1967). Legend in Japanese Art, p. 540.
References
- Faure, Bernard (2003). The Power of Denial: Buddhism, Purity, and Gender. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Template:ISBN; Template:ISBN; Template:Catalog lookup link.
- Joly, Henri L. (1967). Legend in Japanese Art: A Description of Historical Episodes, Legendary Characters, Folk-lore Myths, Religious Symbolism, Illustrated in the Arts of Old Japan. Rutland, Vermont: Tuttle. Template:ISBN; Template:Catalog lookup link.
- Kitagawa, Hiroshi and Bruce T. Tsuchida, ed. (1975). The Tale of the Heike. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. Template:ISBN; Template:Catalog lookup link.
- McCullough, Helen Craig (1988). The Tale of the Heike. Palo Alto, California: Stanford University Press. Template:ISBN; Template:Catalog lookup link.
- Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth (2005). Japan Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Template:ISBN; Template:Catalog lookup link.
External links
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- Famous Women of Japanese History Script error: No such module "webarchive".. The Samurai Archives Japanese History Page.
- Shea, L. "Tomoe Gozen - Female Samurai". Bella Online, 2009.
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