Vozhd
A vozhd (romanised from Belarusian, Russian and Template:Langx, also Bulgarian, Macedonian and Template:Langx,[a] Template:Langx, Template:Langx, Template:Langx, or Template:Langx), literally meaning "the guidesperson" or "the leader", is a historical title with etymology deriving from the Proto-Slavic *voďь and thus common across Slavic languages. It originally denoted a chieftain of a tribe, whereas upon rise of statehood it was used thereafter also in the context of a supreme leader and/or supreme commander, in particular when both roles were combined in one person.
In most Slavic languages the official and colloquial usage of the designation has nowadays been discontinued in favor of (at least) two more precise derivates, one meaning "a leader" and another one "a commander" (e.g., in Template:Langx and Script error: No such module "Lang"., respectively); therefore, the original term may typically be encountered exclusively in historical or ironic contexts; otherwise occasionally only when referring to extant foreign tribal communities.
History
In Serbia, that title was given to Karađorđe Petrović by all the voivodes who elected him to be their leader at their first Praviteljstvujušći sovjet (Government Council) during the First Serbian uprising in the 19th century. As such Karađorđe was titled Grand Vožd of Serbia.
Later, in Russian, it was often used in reference to Soviet leaders such as Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin as Vozhd of the proletariat (Template:Langx),[1] Vozhd of the Russian Communist Party (Template:Langx),[2][3] Vozhd of the World Revolution (Template:Langx),[4] Vozhd of the Peoples (Template:Langx),[5] Vozhd of the Soviet people (Template:Langx).[6]
In modern Russian, vozhd became exclusive for Communist leaders or chieftains of aboriginal tribes. The word is becoming somewhat obsolete and is being replaced by its English version, "leader". It is a counterpart to the word Führer in German.[7]
See also
Notes
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- ^ Template:Wikt-lang is a loanword from Russian. Not to be confused with the regular Serbo-Croatian noun Template:Wikt-lang.
References
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- ^ The life of the Vozhd: how Lenin became the main revolutionary of the country (Жизнь вождя: как Ленин стал главным революционером страны). Mir 24. 2 November 2017
- ^ Stalin, I. Lenin as organizer and vozhd of RCP (Ленин как организатор и вождь РКП). Marxist. December 2010
- ^ Stalin, I. Lenin as organizer and vozhd of RCP (Ленин как организатор и вождь РКП). Leninism.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Книга".
- ^ Soviet Vozhdi and their money (Советские вожди и их деньги). Russia House News
- ^ Данилкин, Рыбас: Вожди Советского народа. Ленин. Сталин. Комплект в 2-х томах Danilkin, Rybas: Vozhdi of the Soviet People. Lenin. Stalin.
- ^ Сталин о Гитлере и Германии, Гитлер о Сталине и России Stalin on Hitler and Germany, Hitler on Stalin and Russia
External links
- Vozhdi CCCP at Savok.org
