Xerocomus

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File:Xerocomus silwoodensis.jpg
Xerocomus silwoodensis
File:Xerocomus squamulosus.jpg
Xerocomus squamulosus
File:Xerocomus ferrugineus 10.jpg
Xerocomus ferrugineus
File:Boletus illudens 261343.jpg
Xerocomus illudens

Xerocomus is a genus of poroid fungi related to Boletus. Most members of Xerocomus are edible, though of mediocre gastronomical value and inferior to the sought-after porcini.

Taxonomy

Many mycologists did not originally recognize the distinction between the two genera and placed Xerocomus taxa in genus Boletus. However, several molecular phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that Xerocomus is a heterogeneous genus of polyphyletic origin,[1] which has resulted in further division of Xerocomus into Xerocomellus and Hemileccinum.[2] The members of the genus Xerocomellus are more closely related to Boletus than true Xerocomus is, which is relatively distantly related to Boletus and more closely related to Phylloporus. Other former Xerocomus species have since been moved to Aureoboletus, Imleria, Hortiboletus and Rheubarbariboletus.[3][4][5]

Ladurner and Simonini published a monograph on Xerocomus in 2003,[6] but this predated the taxonomical revisions based on phylogenetic inferences. In 2008, Hills included 18 species found in Britain, not including some species sometimes treated as Xerocomus, and including Boletus pulverulentus and Boletus impolitus.,[7] currently placed in genera Cyanoboletus and Hemileccinum, respectively. More recent phylogenies have confirmed Xerocomus as monophyletic in its new restricted arrangement.[8]

Description

Morphological features of xerocomoid boletes[2][9][10]
Boletus s.str. Hemileccinum Xerocomellus Xerocomus s.str.
Spore surface Smooth Smooth Longitudinally striated or smooth, never bacillate Bacillate
Hymenophoral trama Boletoid type with gelatinous lateral strata Boletoid type with gelatinous lateral strata Intermediate between boletoid and phylloporoid when fully developed with distinct but weakly gelatinous lateral strata Phylloporoid type with nongelatinous lateral strata
Pileipellis Trichoderm, sometimes collapsing, rarely ixotrichoderm or other Initially trichoderm but collapses with age Initially palisadoderm, typically encrusted Initially a trichoderm, never encrusted
Lateral stipe stratum Frequently gelatinous, 60-90 μM thick, thicker than that of Xerocomellus Similar to that of Leccinum species, ornamented with stipe scabrousities up to 400-640 μM thick Frequently not present, reduced to no more than 30-40 μM thick, not gelatinous Lateral stipe stratum never gelatinous and 80-200 μM thick

Species

References

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  1. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Nuhn ME, Binder M, Taylor AF, Halling RE, Hibbett DS (2013). "Phylogenetic overview of the Boletineae". Fungal Biology. 117 (7–8): 479–511. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.04.008. PMID 23931115.
  2. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Šutara J. (2008). "Xerocomus s.l. in the light of the present state of knowledge" (PDF). Czech Mycology. 60 (1): 29–62. doi:10.33585/cmy.60104.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Klofac W. (2010). "Die Gattung Aureoboletus, ein weltweiter Überblick. Ein Beitrag zu einer monographischen Bearbeitung" [The genus Aureoboletus, a world-wide survey. A contribution to a monographic treatment]. Österreichische Zeitschrift für Pilzkunde (in Deutsch). 19: 133–174 (see pp. 142–3).
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Vizzini A. (12 June 2014). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum (147): 1. ISSN 2049-2375.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Vizzini A. (26 June 2015). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum: 1. ISSN 2049-2375.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ladurner H, Simonini G (2003). Xerocomus s.l. Fungi Europaei. Vol. 8. Alassio: Edizioni Candusso. ISBN 978-88-901057-2-2.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hills AE. (2008). "The genus Xerocomus: A personal view, with a key to the British species". Field Mycology. 9 (3): 77–96. doi:10.1016/S1468-1641(10)60416-1.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Loizides M, Bellanger JM, Assyov B, Moreau PA, Richard F (2019). "Present status and future of boletoid fungi (Boletaceae) on the island of Cyprus: cryptic and threatened diversity unraveled by 10-year study". Fungal Ecology. 41 (13): 65–81. doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2019.03.008.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Šutara, J. (1989). "The delimitation of the genus Leccinum". Ceská Mykologie. 43: 1–12.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Šutara J. (1991). "Pseudoboletus, a new genus of Boletales". Ceská Mykologie. 45 (1–2): 1–9.
  11. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ortiz-Santana B, Lodge DJ, Baroni TJ, Both EE (2007). "Boletes from Belize and the Dominican Republic" (PDF). Fungal Diversity. 27: 247–416 (see p. 379).
  12. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Husbands DR, Henkel TW, Bonito G, Vilgalys R, Smith ME (2013). "New species of Xerocomus (Boletales) from the Guiana Shield, with notes on their mycorrhizal status and fruiting occurrence". Mycologia. 105 (2): 422–35. doi:10.3852/12-146. PMID 23080024.
  13. ^ a b Nautiyal A., Ben Hassine Ben Ali M., Kannan R, Rawat G.S., Krishnamurthy R. and Stephenson S.L. 2025. Two New Species of Xerocomus (Boletales) from the Indian Himalaya. Asian Journal of Mycology. 8(1), 3–11.
  14. ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.McNabb RFR. (1968). "The Boletaceae of New Zealand". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 6 (2): 137–76. Bibcode:1968NZJB....6..137M. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1968.10429056. Open access icon
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.De AB. (2006). "Two new additions to Indian Boletaceae". Journal of Natural History (India). 2 (1): 11–6. ISSN 0973-6166.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sagar A, Lakhanpal TN (1991). "Fleshy fungi Of N.W. Himalayas XIV. Species of Boletus new to India". Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology. 21 (3): 262–3. ISSN 0303-4097.
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Yan WJ, Li TH, Zhang M, Li T (2013). "Xerocomus porophyllus sp. nov., morphologically intermediate between Phylloporus and Xerocomus". Mycotaxon. 124: 255–62. doi:10.5248/124.255.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Species new to science named after Imperial campus | Imperial News | Imperial College London". Imperial News. 2007-10-09. Retrieved 2025-05-01.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."International Institute for Species Exploration". Archived from the original on May 28, 2008. Retrieved May 27, 2008.
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Arora, D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi (2nd ed.). Berkeley, California: Ten Speed Press. pp. 517–18. ISBN 0-89815-169-4.
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Nilson, S.; Persson, O. (1977). Fungi of Northern Europe 1: Larger Fungi (Excluding Gill-Fungi). Penguin. p. 106. ISBN 0-14-063005-8.
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Halling RE, Fechner N, Nuhn M, Osmundson T, Soytong K, Arora D, Binder M, Hibbett D (2015). "Evolutionary relationships of Heimioporus and Boletellus (Boletales), with an emphasis on Australian taxa including new species and new combinations in Aureoboletus, Hemileccinum and Xerocomus". Australian Systematic Botany. 28 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1071/SB14049.

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