Yu Gong
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The Yu Gong or Tribute of Yu is a chapter of the Book of Xia (Chinese: t Script error: No such module "Lang"., s Script error: No such module "Lang"., Xià Shū) section of the Book of Documents, one of the Five Classics of ancient Chinese literature. The chapter describes the legendary Yu the Great and the provinces of his time. Most modern scholars believe it was written in the fifth century BCE or later.
Contents and significance
The chapter can be divided into two parts. The first describes the nine provinces of Ji (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Yan (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Qing (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Xu (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Yang (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Jing (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Yu (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Liang (Script error: No such module "Lang".), and Yong (Script error: No such module "Lang".), with the improvement works conducted by Yu in each province. The second enumerates Yu's surveys of the rivers of the empire, followed by an idealized description of five concentric domains of five hundred li each, from the royal domain (Script error: No such module "Lang". Diānfú) around the capital to the remote wild domain (Script error: No such module "Lang". Huāngfú).[1] Later, this would become important in the justification for the concept of Tianxia or "All Under Heaven" as a means to back up the territorial and other claims of successive Chinese dynasties.[citation needed]
Origin and versions
Although the Yu Gong is traditionally dated to the Xia dynasty (c. 2070 – c. 1600 BCE), most modern scholars agree that the work is considerably more recent.[1][2] Tradition dictates that Confucius (551–479 BCE) compiled the Book of Documents and included the Yu Gong, although it is more likely that this was done later. Wang Guowei suggested in his Template:Zhi that the Yu Gong was written at the start of the Zhou dynasty, but most scholars now agree with the view of Gu Jiegang that it is a product of the Warring States, Qin or Early Han periods.[1][3][4][5]
References to maritime history in the Analects of Confucius and the Yu Gong suggest their origin in a single culture while the appearance of the West River (Script error: No such module "Lang".) and South River (Script error: No such module "Lang".) in the latter indicate that the author came from the State of Wei.[6] In the preface to his Commentary on the Yu Gong Map (Script error: No such module "Lang".), Ming dynasty Scholar Template:Zhi (1583–1646) considered the Script error: No such module "lang". the "progenitor of all geographic texts both ancient and contemporary."[7]
References
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- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Shih, Hsiang-lin (2013). "Shang shu" 尚書 [Hallowed writings of antiquity]. In Knechtges, David R.; Chang, Taiping (eds.). Ancient and Early Medieval Chinese Literature (vol. 2): A Reference Guide, Part Two Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 4 China. BRILL. pp. 814–830. ISBN 978-90-04-20164-4.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hou Renzhi (侯仁之), ed. (1959). 中国古代地理名著选读•禹贡 [Selected Masterpieces of Ancient Chinese Geography: Yu Gong] (in Chinese). Beijing: Scientific Publishing (科学出版社). ISBN 9787507725797.
{{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Torajirō, Naitō (1931). Study of Works of the Yu Gong Era (禹贡制作年代考) [Study of pre-Qin Classics (先秦经籍考)] (in Chinese). Translated by Jiang Xia'an (江侠庵). Shanghai: Commercial Press (上海: 商务印书馆).
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Shaughnessy, Edward L. (1993). "Shang shu". In Loewe, Michael (ed.). Early Chinese texts: a bibliographical guide. Society for the Study of Early China. pp. 376–389. ISBN 978-1-55729-043-4.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Nylan, Michael (2001). The five "Confucian" classics. Yale University Press. pp. 134, 158. ISBN 978-0-300-08185-5.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Compendium of Rivers & Mountains Vol. 2 河山集•二集 (in Chinese). Sanlian Bookstore (三联书店). 1981.
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External links
Template:Wikisource/outer core
- 禹貢 - Tribute of Yu at the Chinese Text Project: Chinese text with James Legge's English translation (amended to employ pinyin)
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