Zaghawa script

Zaghawa Beria (𖺡𖺾𖻌𖻂𖺻)
Script type	Alphabet
Direction
ISO 15924
ISO 15924	Berf (258), ​Beria Erfe
Unicode
Unicode alias	Beria Erfe
Unicode range	U+16EA0–U+16EDF

The upper-case (left) and lower-case (right) letter pairs of the Zaghawa also known as Beria alphabet. Alphabetic order follows the Latin: .

Beria Giray Erfe (𖺡𖺾𖻌𖻂𖺻 𖺥𖻂𖻌𖺻𖻓 𖺣𖻌𖺿𖺾𖺾)

The Zaghawa or Beria script, Beria Giray Erfe (𖺡𖺾𖻌𖻂𖺻 𖺥𖻂𖻌𖺻𖻓 𖺣𖻌𖺿𖺾𖺾) ('Zaghawa Writing Marks'), is an indigenous alphabetic script proposed for the Zaghawa language (also known as Beria) of Sudan, Chad, and Libya. It is one of three scripts used to write Zaghawa, alongside Latin and incipiently Arabic.

In the 1950s, a Sudanese Zaghawa schoolteacher named Adam Tajir created a script for the Zaghawa language, sometimes known as the camel alphabet, deriving its glyphs from the clan brands used for camels and other livestock. He copied the inventory of the Arabic script, so the system was not ideal for Zaghawa.

In 2000, a Zaghawa veterinarian named Siddick Adam Issa adapted Tajir's script to a form which has proven popular in the Zaghawa community. The typography is somewhat innovative in that capital letters have descenders which drop below the baseline of the lower-case letters and punctuation, contrasting with the capital letters in the Latin script, which rise above most lower-case letters. Beria Giray Erfe is a full alphabet, with independent letters for vowels; however, diacritics are used to mark tone (grave accent for falling tone and acute accent for rising tone; high, mid, and low tone are unmarked), as well as advanced tongue root vowels (a macron derives from the letters for ).

The letter for , which does not occur in Zaghawa or in Arabic, is written by adding a tail to the letter for ; and is derived from the letter for with a cross stroke. There apparently is no letter for , nor a distinction between and , both of which have been reported for Zaghawa.

European numerals and punctuation are used.

Unicode

The Zaghawa scripts was added to the Unicode Standard in September 2025 with the release of version 17.0.

The Unicode block for Zaghawa, called Beria Erfe, is U+16EA0–U+16EDF: Template:Unicode chart Beria Erfe

External links

• SIL Zaghawa Beria Font page, with free non-Unicode font and 2007 Unicode proposal.
• GitHub Beria font page, with free non-Unicode font for download. Includes additional character for retroflex lateral flap (2023).
• Preliminary proposal to encode Beria Giray Erfe in Unicode (2008).
• Revised and expanded proposal to encode Beria Erfe in Unicode (2024).