97th United States Congress

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97th United States Congress
96th ←
→ 98th
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United States Capitol (1980)
January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983
Members100 senators
435 representatives
5 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityRepublican
Senate PresidentWalter Mondale (D)[a]
(until January 20, 1981)
George H. W. Bush (R)
(from January 20, 1981)
House majorityDemocratic
House SpeakerTip O'Neill (D)
Sessions
1st: January 5, 1981 – December 16, 1981
2nd: January 25, 1982 – December 23, 1982

The 97th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1981, to January 3, 1983, during the final weeks of Jimmy Carter's presidency and the first two years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1970 United States census.

While the House of Representatives retained a Democratic majority (albeit reduced from the 96th Congress), Republicans gained control of the Senate, marking the first time that they had control of either chamber of Congress since the 83rd Congress in 1953.

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Major events

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Major legislation

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Special or select committees

  • Senate Select Committee on Small Business — Became a standing committee on March 25, 1981
  • United States Senate Select Committee on Law Enforcement Undercover Activities of the Justice Department — March 24, 1982 – December 15, 1982

Party summary

Senate

File:097senate.svg
Party standings on the opening day of the 97th Congress Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content.
  46 Democratic senators
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  1 independent senator, caucusing with Democrats
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  53 Republican senators
Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
[[Democratic Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]]
(D) 		[[Independent Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]]
(I)		[[Republican Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]]
(R)
End of [[Script error: No such module "Ordinal". United States Congress|previous congress]] 55 1 44 100 0
Begin 46 1 53 100 0
End
Final voting share Script error: No such module "Percentage". Script error: No such module "Percentage". Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Beginning of [[Script error: No such module "Ordinal". United States Congress|next congress]] 46 0 54 100 0

House of Representatives

File:97 us house membership.png
House seats by party holding plurality in state
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  80+% Democratic
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  80+% Republican
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  60+% to 80% Democratic
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  60+% to 80% Republican
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  50+% to 60% Democratic
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  50+% to 60% Republican
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  (Striped): even split
Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
[[Democratic Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]]
(D) 		[[Republican Party (United States)|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]]
(R)		[[Conservative Party of New York State|Template:US Congress party summary/LBT]]
(C)
End of [[Script error: No such module "Ordinal". United States Congress|previous congress]] 272 158 1 431 4
Begin 243 191 1 435 0
End 242 4341
Final voting share Script error: No such module "Percentage". Script error: No such module "Percentage". Script error: No such module "Percentage".
Beginning of [[Script error: No such module "Ordinal". United States Congress|next congress]] 269 164 1 434 1

Leadership

Senate

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Senate President
VP Walter Mondale
Walter Mondale (D),
until January 20, 1981
VP George H. W. Bush
George H. W. Bush (R),
from January 20, 1981

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

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House Speaker
File:Tip O'Neill 1978 (retouched).jpg
Tip O'Neill (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Caucuses

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1982; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1984; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1986.

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House of Representatives

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Changes in membership

Senate

There were 2 resignations.

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|- | nowrap | New Jersey
(Class 1) | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Harrison A. Williams
(D) | Incumbent resigned March 11, 1982, before a planned expulsion vote, having been convicted of bribery in the Abscam sting operation.
A successor was appointed April 12, 1982, to finish the term. | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Nicholas F. Brady
(R) | April 12, 1982

|- | nowrap | New Jersey
(Class 1) | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Nicholas F. Brady
(R) | Incumbent resigned December 27, 1982, so his elected successor could be appointed for preferential seniority.
A successor was appointed December 27, 1982, having already been elected to the next term. | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Frank Lautenberg
(D) | December 27, 1982

|}

House of Representatives

There were 4 deaths, 4 resignations, one declared vacancy, and one party change.

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|- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | David Stockman (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 27, 1981, after being appointed Director of the Office of Management and Budget | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Mark D. Siljander (R) | April 21, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Gladys Spellman (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Incapacitated since last Congress and seat declared vacant February 24, 1981 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Steny Hoyer (D) | May 19, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Tennyson Guyer (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 12, 1981 | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Mike Oxley (R) | June 25, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Jon Hinson (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 13, 1981 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Wayne Dowdy (D) | July 7, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Raymond Lederer (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 29, 1981, before a planned expulsion vote, having been convicted of bribery in the Abscam sting operation | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Joseph F. Smith (D) | July 21, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | William R. Cotter (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 8, 1981 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Barbara B. Kennelly (D) | January 12, 1982 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Eugene Atkinson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Changed parties October 14, 1981 | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Eugene Atkinson (R) | October 14, 1981 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | George E. Danielson (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 9, 1982, after being appointed associate justice of the California Courts of Appeal | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Matthew G. Martínez (D) | July 13, 1982 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | John M. Ashbrook (R) | style="font-size:80%" | Died April 24, 1982 | style="color:black; background-color:Template:Republican Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Jean Spencer Ashbrook (R) | June 29, 1982 |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Fred Richmond (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Resigned August 25, 1982 | colspan=2 | Vacant until end of Congress |- | Template:Ushr | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Adam Benjamin Jr. (D) | style="font-size:80%" | Died September 7, 1982 | style="color:black;background-color:Template:Democratic Party (US)/meta/shading" nowrap | Katie Hall (D) | November 2, 1982 |}

Committees

Template:List of Congressional Committees instructions

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

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  1. ^ U.S. Vice President Walter Mondale's term as President of the Senate ended at noon on January 20, 1981, when George H. W. Bush's term began.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g The Republican Party of Minnesota was officially known as the Independent-Republicans of Minnesota from November 15, 1975, until September 23, 1995, and are counted as Republicans.
  3. ^ a b c d e The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) and the North Dakota Democratic-Nonpartisan League Party (D-NPL) are the Minnesota and North Dakota affiliates of the U.S. Democratic Party and are counted as Democrats.
  4. ^ Caucused with the Republicans.

References

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  • Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

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