BOP clade
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The BOP clade (sometimes BEP clade) is one of two major lineages (or clades) of undefined taxonomic rank in the grasses (Poaceae), containing more than 5,400 species, about half of all grasses. Well-known members of this clade include rice, some major cereals such as wheat, barley, oat, and rye, many lawn and pasture grasses, and bamboos. Its sister group is the PACMAD clade; in contrast with many species of that group who have evolved C4 photosynthesis, the BOP grasses all use the C3 photosynthetic pathway.[1]
The clade contains three subfamilies from whose initials its name derives:[2] the bamboos (Bambusoideae); Oryzoideae (syn. Ehrhartoideae), including rice; and Pooideae, mainly distributed in temperate regions, with the largest diversity and important cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Oryzoideae is the earliest-diverging lineage, sister to the bamboos and Pooideae:[1][3]
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References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Grass Phylogeny Working Group II (2012). "New grass phylogeny resolves deep evolutionary relationships and discovers C4 origins". New Phytologist. 193 (2): 304–312. Bibcode:2012NewPh.193..304.. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03972.x. hdl:2262/73271. ISSN 0028-646X. PMID 22115274.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Zuloaga, Fernando O.; Judziewicz, Emmet J.; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.; Davis, Jerrold I.; Morrone, Osvaldo (2015). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae)". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 53 (2): 117–137. Bibcode:2015JSyEv..53..117S. doi:10.1111/jse.12150. hdl:11336/25248. ISSN 1674-4918. S2CID 84052108.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Janke, Axel; Zhao, Lei; Zhang, Ning; Ma, Peng-Fei; Liu, Qi; Li, De-Zhu; Guo, Zhen-Hua (2013). "Phylogenomic Analyses of Nuclear Genes Reveal the Evolutionary Relationships within the BEP Clade and the Evidence of Positive Selection in Poaceae". PLOS ONE. 8 (5) e64642. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...864642Z. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0064642. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3667173. PMID 23734211.
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