Hyperdynamic precordium
Template:Infobox medical condition (new) Hyperdynamic precordium is a condition where the precordium (the area of the chest over the heart) moves too much (is hyper dynamic) due to some pathology of the heart. That means a forceful and hyperdynamic impulse (large amplitude that terminates quickly) can be palpated during physical examination.[1] Hyperdynamic precordium is a physical finding which can be normal or pathological. Some possible etiologies are as followings:[1]
- Exercise or vigorous activities
- Hypermetabolic states, such as hyperthyroidism, anemia, or high cardiac output
- Volume overload status, such as severe aortic regurgitation, severe mitral regurgitation or left-to-right shunt[2]
In addition, hyperactive precordium indicates this physical finding with a pathologic cause which is noted by a clinician.[citation needed]
This problem (hyperdynamic precorrdium) can be hypertrophy of the ventricles, tachycardia, or some other heart problem.[3]
Compared with forceful and hyperdynamic impulse finding, another abnormal finding is "forceful and sustained" impulse, which sustained through the systolic phase. The former means the ventricle is doing "volume" work, and the latter with "pressure" work (high pressure within left ventricle; some may transmit to the aorta, some may not). The latter can be seen in cases with left ventricle hypertrophy or outflow obstruction. Another possible cause of sustained impulse is heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.[1]
Hyperdynamic precordium can also be due to hyperthyroidism, and thus indicates an increased cardiac contractility, with systolic hypertension. It may also be due to aortic coarctation, and most other congenital heart malformations.[citation needed]
Palpation of the chest wall can be done to assess volume changes within the heart. A hyperdynamic precordium reflects a large volume change.[4]
References
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- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Precordial Movements in the Cardiac Exam". Stanford Medicine 25 (in Gagana Samoa). Retrieved 2024-02-12.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Brian P. Griffin, MD, FACC; Samir P. Kapadia, MD, FACC; Venu Menon, MD, FACC, FAHA, FESC (9 November 2021). The Cleveland Clinic Cardiology Board Review (third ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 9. ISBN 978-1-4963-9918-2.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sibarjun Ghosh. bedside clinics in paediatrics. Academic Publishers. p. 137. ISBN 978-81-89781-85-9.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lynn Bickley; Peter G. Szilagyi (1 November 2012). Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History-Taking. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 801. ISBN 978-1-60913-762-5.
