Janjevo

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Janjevo
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    Janjevo or Script error: No such module "native name".
Village
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Janjevo (St. Nicholas church in the background)
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LocationFile:Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo
DistrictPristina
MunicipalityLipjan
Population
 (2024)[1]
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Population
 (2024)[1]
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Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
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Janjevo (Script error: No such module "lang".) or Janjevë (in Albanian) is a village or small town in the Lipjan municipality in eastern Kosovo.

The settlement has a long history, having been mentioned for the first time in 1303 as a Catholic parish. The town was prior to the Kosovo War (1998–99) inhabited by a majority of Croats, known by their demonym as Janjevci, who since have left massively for Croatia.[2][3]

Geography

Janjevo is described as a village[2][4] or small town,[5][6] located in Lipjan municipality, by Gornja Gušterica and Teče.[7][8]

History

Middle Ages

File:LateAntiqueMap.PNG
Forts and settlements in late antiquity Kosovo

Janjevo was first mentioned in 1303.[2][3]Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Although only a Catholic parish is mentioned, and no information on mining activity, it is assumed that the Catholic community in fact drew from miners, gathered in such numbers to constitute a parish.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Whether these Catholics were Ragusans or Saxons is unknown;Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. with the opening of mines in medieval Serbia, Saxons (Sasi) are mentioned as mining specialists; although they are not mentioned as inhabiting Janjevo, they most likely did, as the settlement Šaškovac located less than 1 km from Janjevo points to.[9] In 1346, the Pope sent a letter to Stefan Dušan regarding churches that belonged to the Diocese of Kotor, in which Janjevo is mentioned.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

In the first half of the 15th century, when the area was still part of a Serbian state, a Croatian colony of tradesmen from Ragusa and Kotor appeared in Janjevo.[2][3]Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. At this time, Janjevo, along with Novo Brdo and Trepča, were the most important mines in Serbia.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Out of 15 manholes only two produced qualitative ore.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. From 1455 a coin mint was active in Janjevo.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. The local Catholic church, dedicated to St. Nicholas,[2] was built in the 15th century.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. In a tablet dating to 1425, Stephanus Marci, a priest of the Janjevo parish, is mentioned.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. In 1441, priest Andreas was the head of the Janjevo parish, based in that church.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. The population of this Catholic parish of Janjevo were mainly members of a Ragusan colony (to which Andreas also belonged).Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Janjevo most likely fell to the Ottoman Empire after the Ottoman conquest of Novo Brdo (1455).[2][3]Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

Ottoman period

In 1530–31 there were six Christian and one Muslim neighbourhoods (mahala) in Janjevo.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. In 1569–70 it became an imperial estate with revenue (hass).Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. There were at that time seven neighbourhoods.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. Marino Bizzi (1570–1624), the Archbishop of Bar, listed 120 Latin (Catholic), 200 schismatic (Orthodox), and 180 Turkish (Muslim) homes, during his journey in Ottoman Serbia in 1610.[10]

The 16th century Ottoman defters also show that Janjevo contained an Albanian population of Muslim and Christian faith and a Christian Albanian neighborhood in Janjevo called "Arbanas".[11] The Muslim population had Islamised Albanian names and Muslim names while the Christian population of Arbanas had a mixture of Albanian, Christian and Slavic names. As such, the historian Mark Krasniqi considers the inhabitants of Arbanas to be Albanians who bore Orthodox Slavic names or Albanian-Slavic names.[12] Albanian names were also present in other neighborhoods and some of the inhabitants would have a mixture of Albanian and Slavic names.[11] The neighborhood 'Arbanas' was mentioned with 74 homes.[11]

According to local tradition, the population moved to its present location from "Old Janjevo" (located between the hills of Borelina and Surnjevica) in c. 1630 due to Albanian zulum (injustice).[13]

One of the first schools in the history of Kosovo opened in Janjevo in 1665 and is still in use today.[14]

A letter survives in Janjevo from 1664 from the Albanian Catholic Andrea Bogdani whom wrote that the Orthodox Serbs, whom were being protected by the Ottomans and which he considered the Catholics worst enemies, were trying to collect tributes from the Catholics.[15]

Contemporary

In 1922, Henry Baerlein noted that the Austrians had for thirty years tried to Albanianize the Janjevo population.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. In 1997, the Croatian government began resettling Croats from the village to Kistanje in Croatia.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. During the Kosovo War (1998–99), many of the Croats resettled to Croatia as they feared the ongoing battle waged by the Yugoslav Army and the Kosovo Liberation Army. As of 2011, only 270 out of the pre-war 1500 Croats remain in the village.[16]

A Catholic church (St. Nikola)[17] is located in the town about 100 meters from the main mosque.

Anthropology

In the Middle Ages, Croats from Ragusa and Kotor as well as likely Saxons (Sasi) inhabited the village.[2][3] The inhabitants of Janjevo have in the past called themselves and been called "Latins" (Template:Langx).Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.[18] Anthropologist A. Urošević noted during field study, published in 1935, that many Janjevans lacked national consciousness.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. They spoke a Kosovan dialect, as the Serbs, but called it Janjevan.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. As the Serbs, they had family feast days (slava).Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

In 1991, the most numerous families were the Palić (Matić and Rucić), Glasnović (Tomkić and Topalović), Ćibarić, Berišić (Ancić, Mazarekić and Golomejić), Macukić, and Cirimotić.

Demographics

The population of Janjevci has decreased since the 1970s. Since 1971, the Janjevci have immigrated from Janjevo to Zagreb and Kistanje, causing a decline in their population.[19][20]

According to the 2011 census, there was a total number of 2137 inhabitants. Albanians numbered 1586, Croats - 270, Roma - 177, Turks - 118, Ashkali - 11, Bosniaks - 5, Unknown - 4, Serbs - 1, Undeclared - 1.[21]

Demographic history
  • 1991: 4797 (est.); Croats - 2859, Roma - 344, Albanians - 59 (est. 1539), Serbs - 8
  • 1981: 5086; Croats - 3534, Albanians - 1078, Roma - 331, Serbs - 21.
  • 1971: 4742; Croats - 3761, Albanians - 576, Roma - 218, Serbs - 51.
  • 1961: 3762; Croats - 3052, Albanians - 302, Serbs - 47, Roma - 7.
  • 1953: 3420
  • 1948: 3090

Notable people

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."ASK Data - Regjistrimi popullsisë". Agjencia e Statistikave të Kosovës (ASK). 2025. Retrieved 19 June 2025.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Janjevo". Croatian Encyclopedia (in hrvatski). Miroslav Krleža Lexicographic Institute. 2013–2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Janjevo". Proleksis Encyclopedia Online (in hrvatski). Miroslav Krleža Lexicographic Institute. 22 June 2012.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Petar Vlahović (2004). Serbia: the country, people, life, customs. Ethnographic Museum. p. 54. ISBN 978-86-7891-031-9.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gail Warrander; Verena Knaus (2010). Kosovo. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 142. ISBN 9781841623313.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Starinar. Arheološki institut. 2004. p. 161.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Janjevo Map | Serbia and Montenegro Google Satellite Maps". Maplandia.com. Retrieved 2013-07-15.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Janjevë, Lipjan, Kosovo, Collins Maps, retrieved 2013-08-29{{citation}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dušan Nedeljković (1974). Simpozijum o metodologiji etnoloških nauka: 18-20 decembra 1972. SANU. p. 97.
  10. ^ Relatione della visita fatta da me, Marino Bizzi, Arcivescovo d'Antivari, nelle parti della Turchia, Antivari, Albania et Servia alla santità di nostro Signore papa Paolo V. Published as: Franjo Racki (ed.): Izvještaj barskoga nadbiskupa Marina Bizzia o svojem putovanju god. 1610 po Arbanaskoj i Staroj Srbiji, in: Starine, na sviet izdaje Jugoslavenska Akademija Znanosti i Umjetnosti, Zagreb, 20 (1888), pp. 50–156 Template:Inlang
  11. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pulaha, Selami. "Popullsia Shqiptare e Kosoves Gjate Shekujve XV XVI". dokumen.tips. pp. 551–553.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Argumentet dhe metodat e politikes ekspanioniste serbe per ta sunduar Kosoven nga akademik Mark Krasniqi". randiandradi.com. 15 October 2015.
  13. ^ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found., Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Historia e Komunës së Lipjanit (History of the Lipjani commune) (in Albanian), Lipjan Commune, retrieved 2013-08-28{{citation}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  15. ^ Kosovo: A Short History p. 207
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Ethnic composition, all places: 2011 census".
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."President Jahjaga visited the Croatian community in Janjevo". Presidency of Kosovo. 20 May 2012. Retrieved 2013-08-29.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kostić, Kosta N. (1922). Naši gradovi na jugu. p. 133. OCLC 12841086.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Šiljković, Željka; Glamuzina, Martin (2004-05-26), "JANJEVO AND JANJEVCI – FROM KOSOVO TO ZAGREB", Geoadria (in hrvatski and English), 9 (1), Croatian Geographical Society - Zadar, Department of Geography, University of Zadar: 88–109, archived from the original on 2012-03-18, retrieved 2013-07-15
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Ethnic Croats inform Bebic about deteriorating security in Janjevo - Daily - tportal.hr". Daily.tportal.hr. 2011-11-24. Archived from the original on 2014-03-17. Retrieved 2013-07-15.
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Ethnic composition, all places: 2011 census".
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Komuna Lipjan - Në Janjevë u mbajt manifestimi " Gjurmë të Gjeçovit"". Lipjan Commune. 16 June 2010. Retrieved 2013-08-29.

Sources

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