Sabzevar

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Sabzevar
Template:Langx
City
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CountryIran
ProvinceRazavi Khorasan
CountySabzevar
DistrictCentral
Government
 • MayorMeysam Hossein Abadi[3]
 • City CouncilChairman: Aminollah Mazloum[4]
Elevation
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Population
 (2016)[5]
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Population
 (2016)[5]
 • Total
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 • DensityScript error: No such module "ConvertIB".
 • Population Rank in Iran
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Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)
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Websitewww.sabzevar.ir
[[[:Template:GEOnet name search]] Sabzevar] at GEOnet Names Server

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Sabzevar (Template:Langx;[6] Audio file "Sabzevar.ogg" not found)[a] is a city in northeastern Iran. It is located in the Central District of Sabzevar County, Razavi Khorasan province, serving as the capital of both the county and the district.[7]

History

The history of Sabzevar goes back to the 1st millennium BC. Ancient remains include fire-temple Azarbarzin which is still visible.

After the Mongol invasion of Iran, the city was the first part of Iran that moved towards its freedom, under the lead of the Sarbedaran movement.

In 14th century Timur invaded Iran and destroyed the city completely. Contemporary sources mention 90,000 people having been murdered by Timur. After killing all men in the town, he cut their heads and made 3 pyramids of the heads, in what is now the modern Sarberiz (meaning "Place of heads") square.[8]

Sabzevar Province had been lost by the Safavids to the Uzbeks of Transoxiana, but was regained following a Safavid counter-offensive around 1600, along with Herat and Farah.[9]

The city suffered a flash flood in April 2020.[10]

Demographics

Population

In 1937 when Iran was ruled by Reza Shah, Sabzevar was the second most populated city in the 9th county.[11] According to the census of 2017, Sabzevar is Iran's 34th most populous city.[citation needed]

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 208,172 in 57,024 households.[12] The following census in 2011 counted 231,557 people in 70,422 households.[13] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 243,700 people in 74,757 households.[5]

Geography

Location

Sabzevar is in the west of Razavi Khorasan province, approximately 220 kilometers (140 mi) west of the provincial capital, Mashhad, in the northeastern part of the country. Sabzevar is a 650 km from Tehran (the capital of Iran).[14]

Its important close neighbors are Nishapur, Bardaskan, Esfarāyen and Shahrud.

Climate

Sabzevar has a cool semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk), though bordering upon both a cool arid climate (BWk) and a hot semi-arid climate (BSh). Summers are sweltering and virtually rainless, whilst winters are cool with occasional, though generally light, showers.

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Climate data for Sabzevar[15]
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean No. of days with Maximum temperature => 30.0 °C (86.0 °F) 0 0 0.4 5.7 20.5 29.2 31.0 30.7 24.7 6.8 0.1 0 149.1
Mean No. of days with Maximum temperature => 40.0 °C (104.0 °F) 0 0 0 0 0.2 4.1 8.5 4.1 0.4 0 0 0 17.3
Mean No. of days with Minimum temperature < 0.0 °C (32.0 °F) 15.0 8.1 2.4 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.2 8.8 36.8
Mean No. of days with Maximum temperature <= 0.0 °C (32.0 °F) 0.8 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1
Mean No. of days with snow depth => 0 cm (0 in) 2.6 0.9 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 5.4
Mean number of days with thunder 0.1 0.5 1.0 1.9 2.9 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 8.6
Mean number of days with dust 0.2 0.6 2.3 2.4 2.6 3 2.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.1 18
Mean number of days with haze/smoke 1.9 1.4 2.4 2.1 1.5 1.0 0.3 0.6 0.6 1 2.2 2.5 17.5
Mean number of days with fog/ice fog 0.4 0.1 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.4 1.1
Number of days with no sunshine 3.2 1.4 2.2 0.8 0.2 0 0 0 0 0.2 1.4 2.6 12

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  1. ^ Rainy days calculated using parameter codes 46, 69 and 71 from the first source

Economy

Sabzevar is the commercial center for an agricultural region producing grapes and raisins. There is some small-scale industry, for food processing, copperware, and electric motors. Through the old bazaar of Sabzevar fresh, dried, and preserved fruits and vegetables are exported. Sabzevar is connected to Tehran and Mashhad by road. Sabzevar Airport provides domestic flights.[17]

Anthem

The special Anthem of Sabzevar was unveiled for the first time in 2010; it received the first rank in all anthems of cities in Razavi Khorasan province.

Main sights

File:سبزوار در زمان قاجار.jpg
Sabzevar 1933

Mil-e Khosrow Gerd (meaning "The brick tower of king Khosrau) is the highest brick tower in the city. Mosques include the Masjed Jameh of Friday mosque, with its two tall minarets. They were both built during the Islamic age of Sabzevar.

Universities

Hakim Sabzevari University is one of the most prestigious public universities in Iran and the oldest university in Sabzevar. HSU was established in 1973 as Kar University. After the Iranian revolution in 1979, the university was suspended until 1987. HSU was reestablished with a new name. The Tarbiat Moallem University of Sabzevar has grown steadily until 2011, when it was renamed to Hakim Sabzevari University. HSU offers 139 bachelors, masters, and Ph.D. programs to more than 9,200 male and female students studying under about 280 faculty members in 10 departments. HSU is known as the dynamic in science and the leading in development university in Iran.[18]

Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences is one of the most prestigious public universities in Khorasan province. MEDSAB was established in 1975. In 1986, School of nursing was founded in Sabzevar. MEDSAB offers 20 programs to more than 2000 students in medical fields. This university has more than 200 faculty members. There are 5 hospitals and 4 schools in this university.[19]

The city is home to the Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar (IAUS), founded in 1985 in response to increasing demands for a higher education center in the region; expansion and development have always continued within the university. IAUS is one of the most private universities in Khorasan province. Currently, there are about 6,500 students studying in three campuses.[20]

Sabzevar University of New Technology is the youngest public university in Khorasan province. SUNT was established in 2011. The main objective of this university on teaching and transferring new technology for women students. SUNT offers modern bachelors programs to more than 1000 female students studying in one department. SUNT is known as the third generation universities in Iran.[21]

File:Sabzevar Panorama 02.jpg
North of Hashshmandi Sabzevar Hospital

Historical places

Notable people

Transportation

Sabzevar is located on the country's transportation highway and passes through roads 44, 87 and the freeway under construction from shrine to shrine.[22] Also, the Turkmenistan-Quchan-Sabzevar transit highway leads from Sabzevar to other parts of the country. It was known as the permitted air border and was operational 24 hours a day.[23]

Airport

Sabzevar Airport was opened in 2003 and now has international flights and is the only airport in Khorasan Razavi that transports passengers after Mashhad Airport. The airport, which had previously experienced foreign flights to Damascus and Baghdad in the 1990s and 1990s, now operates direct flights back and forth to Tehran and Kish Island two days a week.[24]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Previously known as Beihagh or Beyhagh (بيهق)

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.OpenStreetMap contributors (4 November 2024). "منطقه ۲ [Region 2], Sabzevar, بخش مرکزی شهرستان سبزوار [Central District of Sabzevar County], Sabzevar County, Razavi Khorasan, 96136-33939, Iran" (Map). OpenStreetMap (in فارسی). Retrieved 4 November 2024.
  2. ^ Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."وزیر کشور حکم شهردار سبزوار را امضا کرد". irna.ir. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."ترکیب هیات رییسه شورای شهر سبزوار مشخص شد". irna.ir. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
  5. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 : استان خراسان رضوی [General Population and Housing Census 2016: Razavi Khorasan Province]. Script error: No such module "Lang". [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in فارسی). Archived from the original (Excel) on 2 April 2022. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  6. ^ [[[:Template:GEOnet ufi search]] Sabzevar] at GEOnet Names Server
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Habibi, Hassan (12 September 1990) [Script error: No such module "Lang". (Approval date) 1369.6.21 (Iranian Jalali calendar)]. ‌تصویب سازمان و سلسله تابعیت عناصر و واحدهای تقسیمات کشوی استان خراسان به مرکزیت شهر مشهد [‌Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Khorasan province, centered in Mashhad]. Script error: No such module "Lang". [Research Center of the Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran] (in فارسی). Script error: No such module "Lang". [Ministry of the Interior]. Script error: No such module "Lang". [Political Defense Commission of the Government Board]. Script error: No such module "Lang". [84902T125K]. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2026.
  8. ^ Rashidzada, Babur. I am Timour, World Conqueror: Autobiography of a 14th Century Asian Ruler. Dog Ear Publishing, 2008, pp 90-91.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.William Bayne Fisher, ed. (1986). The Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. 6. Cambridge University Press. p. 267. ISBN 978-0-521-20094-3.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Massive flooding in Sabzevar, Iran ! 12 April 2020". Retrieved 22 April 2023 – via www.youtube.com.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."معاونین و مراکز ستادی". Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1385 : استان خراسان رضوی [General Population and Housing Census 2006: Razavi Khorasan Province]. Script error: No such module "Lang". [Statistical Centre of Iran] (in فارسی). Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1390 : استان خراسان رضوی [General Population and Housing Census 2011: Razavi Khorasan Province]. Iran Data Portal—Syracuse University (in فارسی). Script error: No such module "Lang". [Statistical Centre of Iran]. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Where is Sabzevar, Iran?". WorldAtlas. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
  15. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: Sabzevar" (CSV). ncei.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration. Retrieved 24 April 2024. WMO number: 40743
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Sabzevar". ncei.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmosoheric Administration. p. 18. Archived from the original (XLS) on 20 November 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2024. WMO number: 40743
  17. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Sabzevar". 2 June 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری – دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری پویا در عرصه ملی پیشرو در مسیر توسعه" (in فارسی). Retrieved 22 April 2023.
  19. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences website". medsab.ac.ir (in فارسی). Archived from the original on 7 December 2012. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
  20. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."About the University". IAUS. Archived from the original on 3 February 2012. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
  21. ^ Sabzevar University of New Technology
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."خراسان رضوی". ایسنا (in فارسی). Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  23. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Distance from Sabzevar to Qūchān - Route from Sabzevar to Qūchān". www.roadtrip.id. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
  24. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Sabzevar Airports". www.trippy.com. Retrieved 20 March 2022.

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