Terek Oblast
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Terek oblast
Терская область | |
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| Country | Russian Empire |
| Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
| Established | 1873 |
| Abolished | 1917 |
| Capital | Vladikavkaz |
| Area | |
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| Population (1916) | |
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The Terek Oblast[a] was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, roughly corresponding to the central part of Russia's North Caucasian Federal District. Тhe оblast was created out of the former territories of the North Caucasian Peoples, following their conquests by Russia throughout the 19th century. The Terek Oblast bordered the Astrakhan and Stavropol governorates to the north, the Kuban Oblast to the west, the Kutaisi and Tiflis governorates to the south, and the Dagestan Oblast to the east. The administrative center of the oblast was Vladikavkaz, the current capital of North Ossetia–Alania within Russia.
Administrative divisions
The districts (okrugs), Cossack districts (otdels), and pristavstvo of the Terek oblast in 1917 were as follows:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
| Name | Administrative centre | Population | Area | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1897[1] | 1917[2] | 1897 | 1916 | |||
| Vedensky okrug (Template:Langx) | Vedeno | – | – | – | 127,718 | 3,341.69 square versts (3,803.05 km2; 1,468.37 mi2) |
| Vladikavkazsky okrug (Template:Langx) | Vladikavkaz | 43,740 | 73,243 | 134,947 | 207,742 | 5,023.10 square versts (5,716.60 km2; 2,207.19 mi2) |
| Groznensky okrug (Template:Langx) | Grozny | 15,564 | 53,549 | 226,035 | 195,744 | 4,369.22 square versts (4,972.44 km2; 1,919.87 mi2) |
| Nazranovskiy Okrug (Template:Langx) | Nazran | – | – | – | 59,046 | 1,341.00 square versts (1,526.14 km2; 589.25 mi2) |
| Nalchiksky okrug (Template:Langx) | Nalchik | 4,809 | – | 102,908 | 180,534 | 10,458.35 square versts (11,902.25 km2; 4,595.49 mi2) |
| Kizlyarsky otdel (Template:Langx) | Kizlyar | 7,282 | 16,151 | 102,395 | 136,749 | 5,058.21 square versts (5,756.56 km2; 2,222.62 mi2) |
| Mozdoksky otdel (Template:Langx) | Mozdok | 9,330 | 16,510 | – | 107,745 | 3,284.75 square versts (3,738.25 km2; 1,443.35 mi2) |
| Pyatigorsky otdel (Template:Langx) | Pyatigorsk | 18,440 | 38,310 | 181,481 | 200,486 | 5,838.69 square versts (6,644.79 km2; 2,565.57 mi2) |
| Sunzhensky otdel (Template:Langx) | Sunzhenskaya (Sunzha) | 3,456 | – | 115,370 | 74,505 | 19,941.18 square versts (22,694.30 km2; 8,762.32 mi2) |
| Khasavyurtovsky okrug (Template:Langx) | Khasavyurt | 5,312 | – | 70,800 | 87,654 | 4,699.26 square versts (5,348.05 km2; 2,064.89 mi2) |
| Karanogayskoye pristavstvo (Template:Langx) | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Demographics
Russian Empire Census
According to the Russian Empire Census, the Terek oblast had a population of 933,936 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 485,568 men and 448,368 women. The plurality of the population indicated Russian to be their mother tongue, with significant Chechen, Ossetian, Kabardian, and Ingush speaking minorities.[3]
| Language | Native speakers | % |
|---|---|---|
| Russian | 271,185 | 29.04 |
| Chechen | 223,347 | 23.91 |
| Ossetian | 96,621 | 10.35 |
| Kabardian | 84,093 | 9.00 |
| Ingush | 47,184 | 5.05 |
| Ukrainian | 42,036 | 4.50 |
| Nogai | 36,577 | 3.92 |
| Kumyk | 31,826 | 3.41 |
| TatarTemplate:Caucasian Tatars | 27,370 | 2.93 |
| Avar-Andean | 15,721 | 1.68 |
| Armenian | 11,803 | 1.26 |
| German | 9,672 | 1.04 |
| Jewish | 6,328 | 0.68 |
| Georgian | 5,893 | 0.63 |
| Persian | 4,245 | 0.45 |
| Polish | 4,173 | 0.45 |
| Kalmyk | 3,595 | 0.38 |
| Circassian | 2,565 | 0.27 |
| Belarusian | 1,423 | 0.15 |
| Kazi-Kumukh | 1,416 | 0.15 |
| Dargin | 1,067 | 0.11 |
| Turkmen | 1,057 | 0.11 |
| Greek | 958 | 0.10 |
| Lithuanian | 789 | 0.08 |
| Imeretian | 756 | 0.08 |
| Romani | 493 | 0.05 |
| Bashkir | 398 | 0.04 |
| Karachay | 216 | 0.02 |
| Romanian | 156 | 0.02 |
| Other | 973 | 0.10 |
| TOTAL | 933,936 | 100.00 |
| Faith | Male | Female | Both | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | |||
| Muslim | 254,785 | 234,889 | 489,674 | 52.43 |
| Eastern Orthodox | 190,536 | 178,175 | 368,711 | 39.48 |
| Old Believer | 16,908 | 17,846 | 34,754 | 3.72 |
| Armenian Apostolic | 7,674 | 6,798 | 14,472 | 1.55 |
| Lutheran | 4,863 | 4,494 | 9,357 | 1.00 |
| Judaism | 3,652 | 2,924 | 6,576 | 0.70 |
| Roman Catholic | 4,559 | 1,086 | 5,645 | 0.60 |
| Buddhist | 2,235 | 1,894 | 4,129 | 0.44 |
| Reformed | 129 | 102 | 231 | 0.02 |
| Mennonite | 95 | 103 | 198 | 0.02 |
| Armenian Catholic | 39 | 33 | 72 | 0.01 |
| Baptist | 18 | 14 | 32 | 0.00 |
| Anglican | 4 | 2 | 6 | 0.00 |
| Karaite | 5 | 1 | 6 | 0.00 |
| Other Christian denomination | 6 | 1 | 7 | 0.00 |
| Other non-Christian denomination | 60 | 6 | 66 | 0.01 |
| TOTAL | 485,568 | 448,368 | 933,936 | 100.00 |
Linguistic composition of uezds in the Terek Oblast in 1897[5]
| Okrug | Russian | Chechen | Ossetian | Turkic | Circassian | Ingush | TOTAL | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | ||
| Vladikavkaz | 31,205 | 23.12 | 93 | 0.07 | 88,265 | 65.41 | 532 | 0.39 | 155 | 0.11 | 733 | 0.54 | 134,947 |
| Grozny | 12,945 | 5.73 | 202,273 | 89.49 | 15 | 0.01 | 2,297 | 1.02 | 1,041 | 0.46 | 136 | 0.06 | 226,035 |
| Kizlyar | 53,785 | 52.53 | 864 | 0.84 | 105 | 0.10 | 33,593[b] | 32.81 | 20 | 0.02 | 41 | 0.04 | 102,395 |
| Nalchik | 4,811 | 4.68 | 4 | 0.00 | 2,728 | 2.65 | 23,303[c] | 22.64 | 64,748 | 62.92 | 36 | 0.03 | 102,908 |
| Pyatigorsk | 123,238 | 67.91 | 80 | 0.04 | 4,620 | 2.55 | 2,195 | 1.21 | 4,551 | 2.51 | 23 | 0.01 | 181,481 |
| Sunzha | 42,013 | 36.42 | 1,906 | 1.65 | 871 | 0.75 | 2,439 | 2.11 | 16,113 | 13.97 | 46,214 | 40.06 | 115,370 |
| Khasavyurt | 3,188 | 4.5 | 18,127 | 25.6 | 17 | 0.02 | 31,414[d] | 44.37 | 30 | 0.04 | 1 | 0 | 70,800 |
| TOTAL | 271,185 | 25.8 | 223,347 | 21.25 | 96,621 | 9.19 | 95,753 | 9.11 | 86,658 | 8.25 | 47,184 | 4.49 | 1,051,032 |
Kavkazskiy kalendar
According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Terek oblast had a population of 1,377,923 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 722,685 men and 655,238 women, 1,113,608 of whom were the permanent population, and 264,315 were temporary residents:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
| Nationality | Urban | Rural | TOTAL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| North Caucasians | 22,655 | 9.39 | 648,548 | 57.05 | 671,203 | 48.71 |
| Russians | 175,155 | 72.64 | 417,886 | 36.76 | 593,041 | 43.04 |
| Other Europeans | 12,646 | 5.24 | 23,654 | 2.08 | 36,300 | 2.63 |
| Armenians | 23,265 | 9.65 | 7,165 | 0.63 | 30,430 | 2.21 |
| Sunni Muslims[e] | 31 | 0.01 | 28,696 | 2.52 | 28,727 | 2.08 |
| Shia Muslims[f] | 3,232 | 1.34 | 2,925 | 0.26 | 6,157 | 0.45 |
| Jews | 2,769 | 1.15 | 3,091 | 0.27 | 5,860 | 0.43 |
| Georgians | 1,287 | 0.53 | 2,674 | 0.24 | 3,961 | 0.29 |
| Roma | 102 | 0.04 | 1,784 | 0.16 | 1,886 | 0.14 |
| Asiatic Christians | 0 | 0.00 | 358 | 0.03 | 358 | 0.03 |
| TOTAL | 241,142 | 100.00 | 1,136,781 | 100.00 | 1,377,923 | 100.00 |
Notes
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References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2024-09-20.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Кавказский календарь .... на 1917 год (in русский).
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Демоскоп Weekly – Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2024-09-26.
Bibliography
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